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该文所关注的是由美国医院处方服务署(AHFS)编写的、每年出版一次的《药物信息》“DrugInformation”及每年公布一次的根据全美药品处方量在市场上最热销的前200位药品(200 top drugs by dispensed prescription)。本文(Ⅱ)部分的主要内容为1980年-1999年20年间美国市场最热销的前200位药品(200 top drugs)中所涉及的抗感染药品(包括:抗微生物药、抗病毒药、抗真菌药和疫苗等),以及这些药物在临床使用中的演变。列入此20年间的Top200药物中的抗感染类药品共有39种,其中大环内脂类有2种,磺胺类有3种,喹诺酮类有4种,青霉素类有3种,四环素类有2种,头孢菌素类有7种,抗病毒类有2种,抗真菌类有8种,氨基糖苷类1种,抗厌氧菌3种,其他抗菌药物4种。这为我国当前的医疗制度改革与促进抗菌药物的合理使用提供了可靠的参考依据。
This article focuses on the annual Drug Information published by the U.S. Department of Preventive Services (AHFS) and the annual top-selling 200 on the market, published once a year 200 top drugs by dispensed prescription. The main content in section (II) of this article is the anti-infectives (including: antimicrobials, antivirals, anti-infectives Fungi and vaccines, etc.) and the evolution of these drugs in clinical use. Among the top 200 anti-infective drugs included in this 20-year period, there are 39 anti-infectives, of which 2 are macrocyclic lipids, 3 are sulfonamides, 4 are quinolones, 3 are penicillins and 2 are tetracyclines There are 7 kinds of cephalosporins, 2 kinds of anti-virus, 8 kinds of anti-fungi, 1 kinds of aminoglycosides, 3 kinds of anti-anaerobic bacteria and 4 kinds of other antibacterial drugs. This provides a reliable reference for the current reform of the medical system in our country and promotion of rational use of antimicrobial agents.