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根据马克思主义经典作家的论 述,“共产主义”一词至少 有三个方面的涵义:首先,它是指一种思想理论和道德体系。其次,它是指以这种思想理论和道德体系为武器的无产阶级开展的革命的“现实的运动”,这是一个动态的历史过程。对此,马克思和恩格斯早在《德意志意识形态》里就已经明确地指出过:“我们所称为共产主义的是那种消灭现存状况的现实的运动。”(《马克思恩格斯选集》第1卷第87页)再次,“共产主义”是指这种革命的“现实的运动”所要达到的最终目的——实现一种崭新的共产主义社会制度,它是一个静态的目标。
According to the classic Marxist writers, the term “communism” has at least three meanings: First, it refers to an ideological and moral system. Second, it refers to the “real movement” of the revolution carried out by the proletariat armed with such ideological and moral systems and a moral historical system. This is a dynamic historical process. Marx and Engels, as early as in “German Ideology,” have already clearly pointed out: “What we call communism is the kind of reality that eradicates the existing conditions.” (Selected Works of Marx and Engels, Volume 1 P. 87). Again, “communism” refers to the ultimate goal to be achieved by such a “realistic movement” of the revolution - to realize a completely new communist social system. It is a static goal.