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目的评价以参与式研究方法在农村校外青少年中开展预防艾滋病健康教育的近期效果,为农村校外青少年预防艾滋病健康教育提供参考。方法采用问卷调查法,按村逐级整群抽样进行艾滋病健康教育前后的调查。结果健康教育后,农村校外青少年的艾滋病知识的总知晓率由57.09%提高到82.36%(P<0.01);愿意和艾滋病病人/感染者正常交往的由14.46%提高到67.93%,会接受同学递的烟和出于礼貌接受陌生人的礼物分别由95.97%、98.42%下降到54.36%、23.90%,提议用安全套会尴尬由77.33%下降到33.13%;最近一次性行为使用了安全套的由28.84%提高到61.63%,性行为每次或经常使用安全套由26.65%提高到45.93%(P<0.01)。结论应用参与式方法对农村校外青少年开展健康教育活动,可有效提高其艾滋病的相关知识、改变其相关态度和行为意向。而长期的行为改变还需持续的健康促进活动和社区政策支持才能实现。
Objective To evaluate the short-term effect of AIDS prevention education among rural youth who are out of school by the method of participatory research and provide a reference for preventing HIV / AIDS health education among rural youth outside school. Methods A questionnaire survey was conducted to investigate the pre-and post-AIDS health education according to village-level cluster sampling. Results After the health education, the total awareness rate of HIV / AIDS among out-of-school adolescents in rural areas increased from 57.09% to 82.36% (P <0.01); the willingness to communicate with HIV / AIDS patients increased from 14.46% to 67.93% Of cigarettes and gifts of politeness received by strangers decreased from 95.97% and 98.42% to 54.36% and 23.90% respectively. The proposed condoms embarrassment dropped from 77.33% to 33.13%; the most recent sexual activity used condoms from 28.84% To 61.63%, and sexual behavior increased from 26.65% to 45.93% (P <0.01) each time or frequently. Conclusion Applying a participatory approach to health education for out-of-school youth in rural areas can effectively improve their AIDS-related knowledge and change their attitudes and behavioral intentions. Long-term behavioral changes require sustained health promotion and community policy support.