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本文利用不同时期进入中国的各国银行的面板数据,分期讨论影响跨国银行进入中国市场的决定因素。研究发现,不同阶段影响跨国银行进入中国市场的因素不一致,但“跟随客户”动机是跨国银行进入中国的主要动因,中国经济高速成长产生的市场机会也对跨国银行的进入起到了积极的影响。1985～1996年样本期内,跨国银行进入动因区位优势假说得到了实证的支持;同时,不同阶段中国银行业对外开放政策及中国市场的风险因素也影响到跨国银行的进入速度。第二阶段的数据检验表明,中国经济高速增长对跨国银行进入中国市场产生了积极的影响。
This article uses the panel data of national banks entering China in different periods to discuss in detail the determinants of the entry of multinational banks into the Chinese market. The study found that the factors influencing the entry of multinational banks into China at different stages are inconsistent, but the motivation of “following customers” is the main motivation for multinational banks to enter China. The market opportunities arising from China’s rapid economic growth have also played a positive role in the entry of multinational banks influences. During the sample period from 1985 to 1996, the hypotheses of transnational banks entering the driver’s location advantage have been empirically supported. Meanwhile, the exposure of China’s banking sector at different stages and the risk factors in the Chinese market also affect the entry speed of multinational banks. The second phase of the data test shows that China’s rapid economic growth has had a positive impact on the entry of multinational banks into the Chinese market.