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目的探讨雾化吸入肺表面活性物质(PS)对油酸型急性肺损伤(ALI)大鼠血液氧合水平的影响。方法 43只SD大鼠随机分为假手术组、模型组、雾化生理盐水组和雾化PS组。颈外静脉注入油酸(0.2 ml/kg)复制ALI模型,约1 h后雾化生理盐水组和雾化PS组分别雾化吸入生理盐水和160 mg PS。实验过程中测定大鼠血气分析指标和呼吸频率(BR)。计算大鼠存活率。结果雾化吸入PS后,大鼠动脉血氧分压(PaO2)及动脉血氧饱和度(SaO2)均逐渐增加,至雾化吸入4 h后,PaO2及SaO2分别增加至99.4 mmHg(1 mmHg=0.133 kPa)及98.2%,与雾化生理盐水组相比,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);大鼠BR自雾化吸入PS 0.5 h后即开始下降,雾化吸入PS 4 h后,BR降至100次/min,低于同时间点的雾化生理盐水组(P<0.05)。雾化PS组大鼠的存活率为100%,与雾化生理盐水组(60%)相比,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论雾化吸入PS能明显提高ALI大鼠血液的氧合状况,改善大鼠的肺功能及提高其存活率。
Objective To investigate the effects of inhaled pulmonary surfactant (PS) on blood oxygenation in rats with oleic acid-induced acute lung injury (ALI). Methods Forty-three SD rats were randomly divided into sham operation group, model group, atomized saline group and atomized PS group. In the external jugular vein, oleic acid (0.2 ml / kg) was used to replicate the ALI model. After about 1 h, normal saline and atomized PS were inhaled into normal saline and 160 mg PS, respectively. Blood gas analysis and respiratory rate (BR) were measured during the experiment. Rat survival was calculated. Results After inhalation of PS, PaO2 and SaO2 increased gradually, and PaO2 and SaO2 increased to 99.4 mmHg (1 mmHg = 0.133 kPa) and 98.2%, respectively. Compared with the saline group, the difference was statistically significant (P <0.05). After inhalation of PS for 0.5 h, BR decreased to 100 beats / min, lower than the same time point of the atomized saline group (P <0.05). Compared with nebulized saline group (60%), the survival rate of nebulized PS group was 100%, and the difference was statistically significant (P <0.05). Conclusion Inhaled PS can improve the blood oxygenation of ALI rats significantly, improve lung function and increase the survival rate of rats.