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【摘要】 目的:探讨彩超引导下建立经皮肾镜术前通道在微创经皮肾穿刺取石术(minimally invasive percutaneous nephrolithotomy,MPCNL)中的临床应用价值,并评价其安全性及疗效。方法:选取2012年1月-2014年4月本院收治的91例上尿路结石患者,在彩超引导下根据结石的具体分布情况选择穿刺点并建立术前工作通道,行经皮肾镜联合钬激光碎石取石术,观察其疗效。结果:本组91例患者在彩超引导下均一次性穿刺成功,成功建立经皮肾盂通道,无大出血等并发症产生。结论:采用彩超引导穿刺建立经皮肾镜工作通道成功率高,创伤小,安全性好,具有较高的临床应用价值。
【关键词】 超声引导; 经皮肾穿刺取石术; 肾结石
Clinical Application Value of Establishing Renal Channel in Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy with Holmium laser Under Ultrasound-guided/JIN Zhong-min,WANG Ping,TANG Zhi-yong,et al.//Medical Innovation of China,2014,11(12):064-066
【Abstract】 Objective:To discuss the clinical application value of establishing renal channel in minimally invasive percutaneous nephrolithotomy(MPCNL) with ultrasound-guided,and to evaluate the safety and feasibility.Method:91 patients with upper urinary tract calculus in our hospital from January 2012 to April 2014 were selected,they were treated with MPCNL with holmium laser,puncture points were selected and then channels were established under ultrasound-guided according to the distributions of calculi before MPCNL,and the effect was observed.Result:Reliable percutaneous access into the pelvicaliceal system was established successfully in all 91 patients under ultrasound-guided.No massive hemorrhage or other severe complications occurred.Conclusion:Establishing channel under ultrasound-guided in MPCNL is safe and minimally invasive with a high success rate.It has high value in clinical application.
【Key words】 Ultrasound-guided; Percutaneous nephrolithotomy; Kidney calculi
First-author’s address:The Fourth People’s Hospital of Shenyang City,Shenyang 110031,China
doi:10.3969/j.issn.1674-4985.2014.12.024
微创经皮肾镜手术(minimally invasive percutaneous nephrolithotomy,MPCNL)是通过经皮肾盂通道对肾盂、肾盏及输尿管上段疾病进行诊断和治疗的技术,是泌尿外科手术中的一个重要组成部分,被广泛应用于治疗肾结石及输尿管上段结石,已逐渐取代了传统开放手术治疗肾结石的方式[1-2]。经皮肾镜手术成功的关键在于建立一条准确可靠的经皮肾盂通路,以往通道的建立均在X线透视下进行操作,对术者和患者的身体均具有一定程度的放射性损害,且定位显示也经常会有偏差。采用超声监视引导下建立经皮肾盂通路,由于具有安全、实时、准确性高等诸多优点,现已被临床所广泛采用。本研究采用彩超引导建立微创经皮肾镜取石术前通道,对本院收治的91例上尿路结石的患者进行微创经皮肾镜联合钬激光碎石手术,探讨彩超在MPCNL术前建立经皮肾盂通道中的临床应用价值,现报告如下。
1 资料与方法
1.1 一般资料 选取2012年1月-2014年4月本院收治的经彩超、脉肾盂造影及CT确诊的肾结石和输尿管上段结石患者共91例,其中男53例,女38例,年龄27~73岁,平均47岁。其中伴肾盂积水型上尿路结石74例,不伴肾盂积水型结石17例,多发肾结石67例,单发肾结石5例,输尿管上段结石11例,输尿管上段结石合并肾结石8例。肾结石长径约0.9~5.3 cm,输尿管结石长径0.7~1.6 cm。治疗前常规检查心电图、血常规、尿常规、出凝血时间、肝肾功能及肝炎系列检查等,所有病例均无合并其他泌尿系疾病且排除心、肺功能不全及无法适应长时间俯卧位者。
1.2 仪器 采用意大利百胜Mylab30超声诊断仪,探头频率3.5 MHz,配套的专用穿刺引导架,日本八光18 G穿刺套管针,全套肾筋膜扩张器及镜鞘,金属导丝或斑马导丝。德国Wolf输尿管镜,德国AURIGA钬激光治疗仪。 综上所述,彩超引导建立经皮肾镜钬激光碎石术前通道,具有安全可靠、简便易行、创伤小、价格低、成功率高等诸多优点,疗效十分显著,具有较高的临床应用价值。伴随着超声介入技术日新月异的发展以及仪器设备的不断更新完善,未来彩超在经皮肾镜取石术中的应用将有更加广阔的前景。
参考文献
[1] Kang P S,Paspulati R M.Ultrasound-guided genitourinary interventions[J].Ultrasound Clinics,2007,2(1):115-120.
[2]蒋类彦,朱建平,胡菲菲,等.超声引导下穿刺建立通道在微创经皮肾穿刺取石手术中的应用价值[J].中国微创外科杂志,2009,9(2):103-104.
[3]袁敬东,章传华.B超引导下经皮肾镜钬激光碎石术治疗上尿路结石的疗效[J].临床泌尿外科杂志,2007,22(9):687-688.
[4]郭建军,蔡恒,梁荣兴,等.B超引导微创经皮肾镜取石术治疗孤立肾肾结石[J].现代泌尿外科杂志,2011,16(1):33-35.
[5] Canes D,Hegarty N J,Kamoi K,et al.Functional outcomes following percutaneous surgery in the solitary kidney[J].J Urol,2009,181(1):154-160.
[6] De Lisa A,Caddeo G.PCNL:tips and tricks in targeting, puncture and dilation[J].Arch Ital Urol Androl,2010,82(1):32-33.
[7] Basiri A,Ziaee A M,Kianian H R,et al.Ultrasonographic versus fluoroscopic access for percutaneous nephrolithotomy:a randomized clinical trial[J].Journal of Endourology,2008,22(2):281-284.
[8] Ghani K R,Patel U,Anson K.Computed tomography for percutaneous renal access[J].Journal of Endourology,2009,23(10):1633-1639.
[9] Lu M H,Pu X Y,Gao X,et al.A comparative study of clinical value of single B-mode ultrasound guidance and B-mode combined with color doppler ultrasound guidance in mini-invasive percutaneous nephrolithotomy to decrease hemorrhagic complications[J].Urology,2010,76(4):815-820.
[10] Hosseini M M,Hassanpour A,Farzan R,et al.Ultrasonography-guided percutaneous nephrolithotomy[J].J Endourol,2009,23(4):603-607.
[11]贡雪灏,刘伟宗,李泉水.超声引导下经皮肾镜碎石术治疗复杂性肾结石[J].中国介入影像与治疗学,2010,7(3):260-263.
[12]王培忠,刘志辉,樊树华.超声引导经皮穿刺输尿管镜上尿路取石术的临床应用[J].临床超声医学杂志,2007,9(5):315-316.
(收稿日期:2014-04-04) (本文编辑:欧丽)
【关键词】 超声引导; 经皮肾穿刺取石术; 肾结石
Clinical Application Value of Establishing Renal Channel in Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy with Holmium laser Under Ultrasound-guided/JIN Zhong-min,WANG Ping,TANG Zhi-yong,et al.//Medical Innovation of China,2014,11(12):064-066
【Abstract】 Objective:To discuss the clinical application value of establishing renal channel in minimally invasive percutaneous nephrolithotomy(MPCNL) with ultrasound-guided,and to evaluate the safety and feasibility.Method:91 patients with upper urinary tract calculus in our hospital from January 2012 to April 2014 were selected,they were treated with MPCNL with holmium laser,puncture points were selected and then channels were established under ultrasound-guided according to the distributions of calculi before MPCNL,and the effect was observed.Result:Reliable percutaneous access into the pelvicaliceal system was established successfully in all 91 patients under ultrasound-guided.No massive hemorrhage or other severe complications occurred.Conclusion:Establishing channel under ultrasound-guided in MPCNL is safe and minimally invasive with a high success rate.It has high value in clinical application.
【Key words】 Ultrasound-guided; Percutaneous nephrolithotomy; Kidney calculi
First-author’s address:The Fourth People’s Hospital of Shenyang City,Shenyang 110031,China
doi:10.3969/j.issn.1674-4985.2014.12.024
微创经皮肾镜手术(minimally invasive percutaneous nephrolithotomy,MPCNL)是通过经皮肾盂通道对肾盂、肾盏及输尿管上段疾病进行诊断和治疗的技术,是泌尿外科手术中的一个重要组成部分,被广泛应用于治疗肾结石及输尿管上段结石,已逐渐取代了传统开放手术治疗肾结石的方式[1-2]。经皮肾镜手术成功的关键在于建立一条准确可靠的经皮肾盂通路,以往通道的建立均在X线透视下进行操作,对术者和患者的身体均具有一定程度的放射性损害,且定位显示也经常会有偏差。采用超声监视引导下建立经皮肾盂通路,由于具有安全、实时、准确性高等诸多优点,现已被临床所广泛采用。本研究采用彩超引导建立微创经皮肾镜取石术前通道,对本院收治的91例上尿路结石的患者进行微创经皮肾镜联合钬激光碎石手术,探讨彩超在MPCNL术前建立经皮肾盂通道中的临床应用价值,现报告如下。
1 资料与方法
1.1 一般资料 选取2012年1月-2014年4月本院收治的经彩超、脉肾盂造影及CT确诊的肾结石和输尿管上段结石患者共91例,其中男53例,女38例,年龄27~73岁,平均47岁。其中伴肾盂积水型上尿路结石74例,不伴肾盂积水型结石17例,多发肾结石67例,单发肾结石5例,输尿管上段结石11例,输尿管上段结石合并肾结石8例。肾结石长径约0.9~5.3 cm,输尿管结石长径0.7~1.6 cm。治疗前常规检查心电图、血常规、尿常规、出凝血时间、肝肾功能及肝炎系列检查等,所有病例均无合并其他泌尿系疾病且排除心、肺功能不全及无法适应长时间俯卧位者。
1.2 仪器 采用意大利百胜Mylab30超声诊断仪,探头频率3.5 MHz,配套的专用穿刺引导架,日本八光18 G穿刺套管针,全套肾筋膜扩张器及镜鞘,金属导丝或斑马导丝。德国Wolf输尿管镜,德国AURIGA钬激光治疗仪。 综上所述,彩超引导建立经皮肾镜钬激光碎石术前通道,具有安全可靠、简便易行、创伤小、价格低、成功率高等诸多优点,疗效十分显著,具有较高的临床应用价值。伴随着超声介入技术日新月异的发展以及仪器设备的不断更新完善,未来彩超在经皮肾镜取石术中的应用将有更加广阔的前景。
参考文献
[1] Kang P S,Paspulati R M.Ultrasound-guided genitourinary interventions[J].Ultrasound Clinics,2007,2(1):115-120.
[2]蒋类彦,朱建平,胡菲菲,等.超声引导下穿刺建立通道在微创经皮肾穿刺取石手术中的应用价值[J].中国微创外科杂志,2009,9(2):103-104.
[3]袁敬东,章传华.B超引导下经皮肾镜钬激光碎石术治疗上尿路结石的疗效[J].临床泌尿外科杂志,2007,22(9):687-688.
[4]郭建军,蔡恒,梁荣兴,等.B超引导微创经皮肾镜取石术治疗孤立肾肾结石[J].现代泌尿外科杂志,2011,16(1):33-35.
[5] Canes D,Hegarty N J,Kamoi K,et al.Functional outcomes following percutaneous surgery in the solitary kidney[J].J Urol,2009,181(1):154-160.
[6] De Lisa A,Caddeo G.PCNL:tips and tricks in targeting, puncture and dilation[J].Arch Ital Urol Androl,2010,82(1):32-33.
[7] Basiri A,Ziaee A M,Kianian H R,et al.Ultrasonographic versus fluoroscopic access for percutaneous nephrolithotomy:a randomized clinical trial[J].Journal of Endourology,2008,22(2):281-284.
[8] Ghani K R,Patel U,Anson K.Computed tomography for percutaneous renal access[J].Journal of Endourology,2009,23(10):1633-1639.
[9] Lu M H,Pu X Y,Gao X,et al.A comparative study of clinical value of single B-mode ultrasound guidance and B-mode combined with color doppler ultrasound guidance in mini-invasive percutaneous nephrolithotomy to decrease hemorrhagic complications[J].Urology,2010,76(4):815-820.
[10] Hosseini M M,Hassanpour A,Farzan R,et al.Ultrasonography-guided percutaneous nephrolithotomy[J].J Endourol,2009,23(4):603-607.
[11]贡雪灏,刘伟宗,李泉水.超声引导下经皮肾镜碎石术治疗复杂性肾结石[J].中国介入影像与治疗学,2010,7(3):260-263.
[12]王培忠,刘志辉,樊树华.超声引导经皮穿刺输尿管镜上尿路取石术的临床应用[J].临床超声医学杂志,2007,9(5):315-316.
(收稿日期:2014-04-04) (本文编辑:欧丽)