论文部分内容阅读
研究了小麦 (TriticumaestivumL .)茎顶端不同类型原基分化的动态过程 ,以明确原基分化的综合模式 ,并建立了不同原基分化之间的定量关系。结果表明 ,小麦叶原基和苞叶原基分化与播后累积生长度日 (GDD ,growingdegreedaysaftersowing)的关系呈S形曲线 ,而小穗原基和小花原基为上升段抛物曲线。从分化模式看 ,苞叶原基具备营养器官原基特征 ;小穗和小花原基的分化进程能较好地反映基因型和生态条件对顶端发育的影响。小麦茎顶端原基分化的综合模式为由三段子模式构成的近似S曲线。叶原基数由基因型和环境条件共同决定 ,而苞叶原基、小穗原基和小花原基数以环境因子的影响为主。以平均热间距来衡量 ,适期播种处理的叶片、苞叶和小穗原基分化速率最高 ;而小花原基数与小花分化持续期之间的数量关系最为密切。研究结果有助于揭示和理解小麦茎顶端发育的生物学规律。
The dynamic process of different types of primordial differentiation of wheat (Triticum callum L.) was studied in order to clarify the integrated pattern of primordial differentiation and to establish the quantitative relationship between different primordial differentiation. The results showed that the relationship between leaf primordium and husk primordium differentiation and GDD (growingdegreedaysaftersowing) showed a S-shaped curve, while the spikelet primordium and floret primordia were the parabolic curves in the ascending stage. In terms of differentiation patterns, husk leaf primordium has the characteristics of vegetative organs primordia; the process of spikelet and floret primordium differentiation can better reflect the impact of genotype and ecological conditions on apical development. The synthesis pattern of apical primordial differentiation of wheat stems is an approximate S-curve composed of three-segment sub-patterns. The number of leaf primordia is determined by genotype and environmental conditions, while the number of basal leaves, spikelet primordium and flower primordium is dominated by environmental factors. When average seeding distance was measured, the differentiation rate of leaves, husk and spikelet primordium was the highest when seeding was suitable, while the number of floret primordium was most closely related to the duration of floret differentiation. The results will help reveal and understand the biological rules of wheat stem apical development.