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花蔺(Butomus umbellatus)为花蔺科(Botomaceae)多年生水生草本,野生状态下的花蔺花冠多为粉红色,但在黑龙江省密山县发现了罕见的白色花瓣表型。本研究通过对比不同表型的花部特征和物候等特征,发现两种表型的差异:两种颜色的个体在不同年份之间基本稳定,但极端情况下可能存在一定的波动;红白两种花色表型的特征没有显著差异,仅仅在花序轴的直径上存在差异。总体而言,花展示高度、雄蕊长度、雌蕊长度均不存在显著性的年份波动,但花展示高度在不同年份之间存在波动。盛花期的雄期和雌期存在花期的重叠,两者的比例在不同花色表型中无显著性差异。造成红白差异的原因是复杂的,可能与适应当地的环境有关,但波动的自然环境可能也会起到一定的作用。
Butomus umbellatus is a perennial aquatic herb of Botomaceae. In the wild, most of the flowers are corolla pink, but a rare white petal phenotype was found in Mishan County, Heilongjiang Province. In this study, the phenotypic differences between the two phenotypes were found by comparing the floral phenotypes and phenological characteristics of different phenotypes. Individuals in two colors were basically stable between years, but in extreme cases there may be some fluctuations. There are no significant differences in the characteristics of the flower color phenotypes, only differences in the diameter of the inflorescence axis. In general, there was no significant annual fluctuation in flower display height, stamen length and pistil length, but flower display height fluctuated between years. Blooming period male and female flower period overlap, the proportion of the two flowers in different color phenotype no significant difference. The reasons for the difference between red and white are complex and may be related to adapting to the local environment, but the fluctuating natural environment may also play a role.