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部分国际组织和海运大国支持国际海运船舶配备私人武装保安,防卫近年多发的海上暴力行为,弥补军队护航的局限性。我国“一带一路”背景下,国际海运安全问题愈发重要,海上私人武装保安护航制度必要性凸显,但我国私人武装保安实践的空间非常有限。2015年,我国海事局出台《私人武装保安在船护航证明签发管理办法》,允许我国国际海运船舶配备私人武装保安,这是一个新的契机。下一步应当通过制定海上私人武装保安使用规范、完善船长管理制度等措施解决该《办法》的不足,同时应处理好使用海上私人武装与维护国际关系的问题。
Some international organizations and maritime powers have supported international maritime shipping ships with armed private guards to prevent the frequent maritime violence in recent years and make up for the limitations of military escort. Under the background of “Belt and Road” in our country, the issue of international maritime transport safety is more and more important. The necessity of maritime private security escort system is highlighted. However, there is very little room for the practice of private armed security in our country. In 2015, China’s Maritime Safety Administration promulgated the Measures for the Administration of Issuance and Certification of Private Armed Security Escort on Ships, allowing our international seaborne ships to be equipped with private armed security. This is a new opportunity. The next step should be to solve the “inadequacies” of the “measures” through measures such as establishing norms for the use and protection of personal armed forces at sea and improving the management system of the captain. At the same time, we should deal with the issue of using private armed forces at sea and maintaining international relations.