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目的：分析后路短节段内固定治疗腰椎骨折的临床效果。方法将78例腰椎骨折患者随机分为观察组与对照组，观察组患者采用后路短节段内固定，对照组患者采用传统手术固定，观察两组患者Oswestry功能障碍评分（ODI）、视觉模拟评分（VAS）、术中出血量、手术时间、住院时间、切口长度及不良反应发生情况。结果两组患者术前ODI、VAS评分比较差异均无显著性（P＞0.05）。术后3个月，观察组患者ODI、VAS评分均较对照组低，差异均有显著性（P＜0.05）。术后6个月，观察组患者ODI评分较对照组低，差异具有显著性（P＜0.05）。术后12个月，两组患者ODI、VAS评分比较差异无显著性（P＞0.05）。观察组患者术中出血量、手术时间、切口长度、住院时间均小于对照组，差异具有显著性（P＜0.01）。观察组患者不良反应发生率为5.12%，对照组为10.26%，两组比较差异无显著性（χ2＝0.722，P＝0.395）。结论与传统手术相比，后路短节段内固定治疗腰椎骨折，可有效改善患者功能障碍评分、缓解疼痛度，具有切口小、出血量少、愈合快等优点，值得临床推广应用。“,”Objective Analysis of lumbar fractures treated by posterior short segment fixation clinical effect. Method 78 patients with fracture of lumbar spine were randomly divided into observation group and control group, observation group were treated by posterior short segment ifxation, control group were treated by traditional operation method, ifxed, observed two groups of patients Oswestry disability score (ODI), VAS, intraoperative blood loss, operative time, hospitalization time, incision length, and adverse reactions. Result The ODI, VAS scores had no signiifcant difference in two groups before treatment (P>0.05). After 3 months, the ODI and VAS scores in observation group were lower than control group, the difference was signiifcant (P<0.05). After 6 months, the ODI scores in observation group were lower than control group, the difference was signiifcant (P 0.05). Observation group patients bleeding volume, operation time, incision length, hospitalization time were less than control group, the difference was signiifcant (P<0.05). Patients in observation group the incidence of adverse reaction was 5.12%, control group was 10.26%, the difference was not statistically significant (χ2 = 0.722, P = 0.395). Conclusion Compared with the traditional surgery, patients with fracture of lumbar posterior short segment ifxation treatment can effectively improve the dysfunction in patients with grade, relieve pain, has advantages of small incision, the bleeding little, fast healing, clinical has important reference value, worthy of clinical application.