根据“东北地区大豆品种资源鉴定与评价”中的生育期资料,分析了东北大豆品种生育期结构的遗传变异,比较了不同结荚习性育成品种和地方品种生育期结构的区别。结果表明,东北大豆品种资源的生育期结构存在丰富的遗传变异。不同结荚习性的品种生育期结构有很大的差别。无限和亚有限型品种的生育期结构类似,生殖生长期较长,营养生长期相对较短,生育期比(R/V)相对较大。有限型品种的营养生长期较长,生殖生长期较短,生育期比明显小于无限和亚有限型品种。生育期和结荚习性相同的地方和育成品种相比较,育成品种的生殖生长期较长,营养生长期较短,生育期比较大,这种演变趋势在无限和亚有限品种上特别明显。辽、吉 黑三省的无限型育成品种营养生长期分别比地方品种缩短1.4,4.1和5.8天,生殖生长期延长1.1,1.5和1.4天,R/V值提高4.8,11.2和15.4％。吉、黑三省的亚有限有成品种的营养生长期平均较地方品种缩短了3.9和9.9天,生殖生长期延长了2.6和1.8天,生育期比提高了12.5和34.5％。有限型品种生育期结构的演变方向不明显。大豆育成品种生育期结构的演变是长期产量选择的间接效应。自觉地对生育期结构进行定向选择,有可能提高大豆产量的选择效率。 According to the data of growth period in the identification and evaluation of soybean resources in northeastern China, the genetic variation of the structure of soybean in northeast China during the growth period was analyzed. The differences of the growth period structure of different sowing cultivars and local cultivars were compared. The results showed that there are abundant genetic variations in the growth period structure of Northeast soybean resources. Different pod habit varieties of the growth period structure is very different. The infancy and sub-limited varieties have similar growth period structure, longer reproductive growth period, relatively short vegetative growth period and relatively large growth period (R / V). The limited varieties had longer vegetative growth period, shorter reproductive growth period and significantly lower growth period than those of unlimited and sub-limited varieties. Compared with the bred cultivars with the same growth and pod habitat, the cultivated cultivars had longer reproductive growth periods, shorter vegetative growth periods, and larger growth periods. This evolutionary trend was particularly evident in both unlimited and sub-limited cultivars. The vegetative growth periods of infinitive bred varieties in Liaoning, Jilin and Heilongjiang provinces were shortened by 1.4, 4.1 and 5.8 days, respectively, and the reproductive growth stages were prolonged by 1.1, 1.5 and 1.4 days with R / V values ​​increased by 4.8, 11.2 and 15.4%, respectively. In the three provinces of Kyrgyzstan and Black, the average length of vegetative growth of sub-limited varieties was shortened by 3.9 and 9.9 days compared with that of the local varieties. The reproductive growth period was extended by 2.6 and 1.8 days, and the growth period was increased by 12.5 and 34.5% respectively. The development of the limited type of growth period structure direction is not obvious. The evolution of the structure of soybean cultivars during their reproductive period is an indirect effect of long-term yield selection. Consciously choose the direction of the growth period structure, it is possible to improve the efficiency of soybean production.