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目的:了解郑州市部分中学生艾滋病相关知识、态度现状,并探讨性别和不同受教育程度对其影响。方法:整群抽样选取郑州市385名中学生进行艾滋病相关知识、态度无记名问卷调查。结果:中学生艾滋病知识总体知晓率为71.7%,其中性传播、血液传播、母婴传播知晓率分别为95.3%、83.7%、92.4%,41.9%的中学生认为蚊虫叮咬可传播艾滋病;74.7%的中学生愿意和艾滋病病人握手,39.9%的中学生对艾滋病感到紧张、恐惧;女生对咳嗽、打喷嚏、拥抱、握手、共餐不能传播艾滋病知晓率高于男生(P<0.05);高中生对蚊虫叮咬不能传播艾滋病的知晓率低于初中生(P<0.05);女生对艾滋病感到紧张、恐惧的比例高于男生(P<0.05);高中生愿意同艾滋病病人握手、共餐的比例高于初中生(P<0.05)。结论:中学生对艾滋病相关知识和态度仍有误区;性别和受教育程度对艾滋病相关知识和态度具有影响。
Objectives: To understand the status quo of HIV / AIDS related knowledge and attitudes of some middle school students in Zhengzhou and to explore the impact of gender and educational attainment. Methods: Cluster sampling was used to select 385 secondary school students in Zhengzhou for AIDS-related knowledge and attitude-based questionnaire survey. Results: The overall awareness rate of HIV / AIDS among middle school students was 71.7%. Among them, 95.3%, 83.7%, 92.4% and 91.9% of the students were sexually transmitted, blood-transmitted and mother-to-child respectively. Secondary school students believed that mosquito bites could spread AIDS; 74.7% 39.9% of middle school students were nervous and afraid of AIDS; girls were more aware of coughing, sneezing, hugging, handshaking and sharing meals than boys (P <0.05); high school students were not able to bite mosquitoes (P <0.05). Female students were more nervous and fearful of AIDS than male students (P <0.05). High school students were willing to shake hands with AIDS patients and had a higher proportion of meal sharing than junior high school students P <0.05). Conclusion: There is still a misunderstanding of HIV / AIDS related knowledge and attitudes among middle school students; gender and educational attainment have an impact on AIDS-related knowledge and attitudes.