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目的了解内蒙古地区手足口病流行特征和病原种类,为制定防控策略提供科学依据。方法采用描述性流行病学方法描述2008—2013年内蒙古手足口病流行特征,采用分析性统计学方法分析病原检测结果。结果2008—2013年全区共报告手足口病病例115 316例,各年发病率依次为32.15/10万、133.64/10万、78.16/10万、93.94/10万、66.62/10万和66.40/10万,2008—2013年手足口病报告发病数居丙类传染病首位,发病高峰为6—7月,≤3岁组病例占发病总数的58.48%;2 775例实验室诊断病例中,EV71阳性占42.92%,CA16阳性占32.11%,其他肠道病毒占24.97%;不同年份EV71、CA16、其他肠道病毒阳性构成差异有统计学意义(χ2=401.76,P<0.05),重症死亡病例感染EV71比例为82.58%。结论 2008—2013年内蒙古地区手足口病报告发病率逐年下降,发病有明显的季节性,散居儿童是主要发病人群;主要病原是EV71和CA16,EV71为优势流行株。
Objective To understand the epidemiological characteristics and pathogens of hand-foot-mouth disease in Inner Mongolia and provide a scientific basis for making prevention and control strategies. Methods Descriptive epidemiological methods were used to describe the epidemiological characteristics of hand-foot-mouth disease in Inner Mongolia from 2008 to 2013, and the results of pathogen detection were analyzed by using statistical methods. Results A total of 115 316 hand-foot-mouth disease cases were reported in 2008-2013 in our country. The incidence of each disease was 32.15 / 100000, 133.64 / 100000, 78.16 / 100000, 93.94 / 100000, 66.62 / 100000 and 66.40 / The incidence of hand-foot-mouth disease in 2008-2013 was the highest among C-type infectious diseases with a peak incidence of 6 months in June-July and 58.48% of cases ≤3 years of age. Among the 2,757 laboratory-diagnosed cases, EV71 Positive rate was 42.92%, positive rate of CA16 was 32.11%, other enteroviruses accounted for 24.97%; in other years, positive rates of EV71 and CA16 were all statistically significant (χ2 = 401.76, P <0.05), severe deaths EV71 ratio of 82.58%. Conclusions The incidence of hand-foot-mouth disease in Inner Mongolia decreased from 2008 to 2013, and the incidence of seasonal HFMD was obviously seasonal. Digestive children were the main pathogens. The major pathogens were EV71 and CA16, and EV71 was the dominant epidemic strain.