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目的:阐明拟胆碱药降眼压作用与M受体亚型的关系。方法:用气动眼压计测量免眼内压;用瞳孔尺测量瞳孔大小;用离体虹膜实验测量兔虹膜收缩。计算拟胆碱药的pD_2值和M受体亚型拮抗剂的pA_2值。结果:拟胆碱药降眼压和缩瞳效应的强弱顺序为丁公藤碱>乙酰奎宁>毛果芸香碱,虹膜收缩能力的强弱为丁公藤碱>毛果芸香碱>乙酰奎宁。亚型拮抗剂拮抗拟胆碱药效应的强弱表现为4-DAMP(M_3)>Pirenzepine(M_1)>Gallamine(M_2)。结论:拟胆碱药的降眼压和缩瞳效应主要是通过M_3受体介导,其次为M_1受体,而与M_2受体关系甚小。眼科学报2000;16:243～245。
Objective: To clarify the hypotensive effect of cholinergic drugs and M receptor subtypes. Methods: The intraocular pressure was measured with an intraocular pressure tonometer. The pupil size was measured with a pupillary scale. The iris contraction was measured with an isolated iris experiment. The pD_2 value of the cholinergic drug and the pA_2 value of the antagonist of the M receptor subtype were calculated. Results: The order of decreasing intraocular pressure (IOP) and miosis effect of cholinergic drugs was orderly: tetacectin> acetylquinine> pilocarpine. The contractility of iris was determined by the method of tetranitraline> pilocarpine> acetylquinine. The antagonistic effect of subtype antagonists on the cholinergic effects was 4-DAMP (M_3)> Pirenzepine (M_1)> Gallamine (M_2). CONCLUSION: The hypochromic and miotic effects of cholinergic drugs are mainly mediated by M_3 receptor, followed by M_1 receptor, but not with M_2 receptor. Journal of Ophthalmology 2000; 16: 243-245.