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目的了解河南省农村老年人生活质量及其影响因素,为相关行业及政府部门完善相关政策提供依据。方法采用多阶段整群随机抽样法抽取河南省6个地市60个自然村共4 850名农村老年人,采用自编健康状况问卷和SF-36健康调查简表进行问卷调查。结果 4 850名老年人生活质量8个维度得分从高到低依次为情感职能(70.20±25.81)分,活力(66.33±14.85)分,生理功能(63.46±22.45)分,生理职能(63.15±26.11)分,精神健康(61.2±11.1)分,一般健康状况(50.10±11.64)分,社会功能(44.60±13.00)分和躯体疼痛(36.06±22.04)分;多因素logistic回归分析结果表明,河南农村老年人生活质量的主要影响因素为年龄、婚姻状况、配偶情况、子女数、子女孝敬程度、是否患慢性病、居住方式(P<0.05)。结论河南农村老年人生活质量较差,生活质量影响因素具有多维性;子女的关心、照顾和家庭的温暖,完善农村医疗保健制度和提高医疗水平,加大社会支持可提高农村老人的生活质量。
Objective To understand the quality of life of the elderly in rural areas of Henan Province and its influencing factors, and provide evidences for relevant industries and government departments to improve their policies. Methods A total of 4 850 rural elderly were recruited from 60 villages in 6 cities of Henan Province by multistage cluster sampling method. Questionnaires of self-compiled health status questionnaire and SF-36 health status questionnaire were used. Results The scores of quality of life in 4 850 senile adults were 70.20 ± 25.81, 66.33 ± 14.85, 63.46 ± 22.45, 63.15 ± 26.11 ), Mental health (61.2 ± 11.1), general state of health (50.10 ± 11.64), social function (44.60 ± 13.00) and somatic pain (36.06 ± 22.04). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that rural Henan The main factors affecting the quality of life of the elderly are age, marital status, spouse status, number of children, degree of filial piety, chronic diseases and living style (P <0.05). Conclusion The quality of life of the elderly in rural areas of Henan Province is poor, and the quality of life factors are multidimensional. The children’s care, care and family warmth improve the rural health care system and improve medical care.