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收入分配认知与收入分配的客观状况之间既有联系也有各自的独立性,收入分配认知通过其特有的机制对一国的经济社会运行产生影响。本文研究发现,我国约有70%以上的居民认为社会贫富差距过大比较严重,有80%以上的居民认为社会收入差距不合理,但是其中半数以上的居民对不合理的收入差距表示接受。我国居民对社会关系、权力关系、家庭经济条件差异导致的机会不平等有广泛的共识,改革中因权力利用不当导致的分配不公增加了居民的分配不公平感。中国属于实际收入差距和居民感受到的收入差距都很高的国家,这意味着收入不平等将对我国的经济发展和居民的社会心理产生双重冲击,我国发展面临的风险和压力更大。
The cognition of income distribution and the objective status of income distribution are both connected and independent. The cognition of income distribution affects the economic and social operation of a country through its unique mechanism. This study finds that more than 70% of residents in our country think the gap between the rich and the poor is too serious. More than 80% of the residents think the social income gap is not reasonable. However, more than half of them accept the unreasonable income gap. The residents in our country have wide consensus on the inequality of opportunity caused by the differences in social relations, power relations and family economic conditions. The inequitable distribution of residents caused by the improper use of power in the reform has increased the unfair distribution of residents. China is a country with a real income gap and a high income gap perceived by residents. This means that income inequality will have a double impact on China’s economic development and the social psychology of its residents. China faces greater risks and pressures.