疏辨《史记·项羽本纪》的一条错误注释

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北京大学王伯祥先生选编的《史记选》(人民文学出版社出版)以及郑权中先生的《史记选讲》(中国青年出版社出版),实为目前国内《史记》选本中流传广泛、注释亦较为详实的版本。但二本在对《史记·项羽本纪》的注释中,出现了同一讹误。 《史记·项羽本纪》载:“项王(渡淮)至阴陵,迷失道,问一田父,田父给曰:‘左’,左,及陷大泽中”。王先生注:“陷大泽:骑士误入低洼之地,耽误了赶路时间。今安徽省全椒县东南三十里有地名迷沟(去阴陵五里)相传就是项王所陷入的大泽。”古地阴陵今在何处?距离全椒多远?历代史籍均说:阴陵,秦置县治,即今安徽省定远西北。《定远县志》载:“阴陵城,县西北六十里,镆邪山南,周围二里,故址犹存。……羽溃围南山驰,汉骑将灌婴追羽过淮,羽过阴陵迷失道即此”。王伯祥、郑权中二位先生亦以为误。而全椒在此东南,相去二百里,正所谓风马牛不相及也。且王先生上款已注明:“阴陵,故治在今安徽省定远县西北。”下条注却说:全椒东南三十里迷沟(去阴陵五里)”——此大谬也。再说项王自北而来,“至阴陵,迷失道,田父给曰:‘左’”乃西向也。去全椒方向恰好相反,所陷之大泽,何以会在全椒东南呢?自王、郑二版本问世后,许多《史记》校注者便援引、沿用这条注释,以讹传讹如是也。 The Selected Records of Shi Keji by Peking University (published by People's Literature Publishing House) and Selected Records of the Historian (published by China Youth Publishing House) by Mr. Zheng Quanzhong are actually the most widely circulated and annotated books in the Selected Records of the Historian Detailed version. However, the two in the Notes to “Shi Ji Xiang Yu Benji” appeared the same corruption. “Shi Ji Xiang Yu Ji” contains: “King (Ferry crossing) to Yin Ling, lost Tao, asked a Tian Fu, Tian Fu said: 'left', left, and trap Osawa.” Mr. Wang Note: “trap Daze: Cavaliers strayed into low-lying land, delayed hurry time. Today, Quanjiao County, Anhui Province, there are thirty names southeast of the ditch (to Yinling Wuli) According to legend, the king was caught in the big Ze. ”Where is the ancient land of Yin Ling? How far away from the whole pepper? Historical records are said over the ages: Yin Ling, Qin Zhi County, now far from the northwest of Anhui Province. “Dingyuan County,” contains: “Yin Ling city, county sixty miles northwest, Di evil Shannan, around two miles, the site remains ... ... Feifu Wai Nanshan Chi, Han Riding Irrigation Chase Huai Huai, feather Yin Ling lost that way. ” Mr. Wang Boxiang and Mr. Zheng Quanzhong also think it wrong. And Quanjiao in this southeast, take two hundred miles, is the so-called horse irrelevant. And Mr. Wang on the paragraph has been marked: “Yuling, therefore rule in this county of Anhui Province Dingyuan County northwest.” The next note but said: Quanjiao southeast Gully (go Yinling Wuli) “- this large Absurd also say item king from north, ”to the yinling, lost lost way, the father gave:“ left ”is the west to also go to Quanjiao direction exactly the opposite, Southeast? Since the advent of the king and the second edition of Zheng, many “Shiji” school notes will be cited, follow this note to correct the baseless message if so.
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