中小学美术教学中的基本训练是什么?它应当包括哪些项目?学习美术,总是离不开写生和临摹。所谓写生,就是依照具体的物象来描绘,古人称为“师造化”。所谓临摹,就是效法前人的经验,依照前人的作品来摹写,古人称为“师古”。写生是观察生活中解决如何表现生活的问题,临摹是从观摹前辈的作品中解决如何表现生活的问题。生活是艺术的源泉,在美术学习中,写生和临摹所起的作用,实际上也就是开源导流。写生作为造型艺术来说,它是为了培养我们对现实事物的观察能力,即表现物体的基本结构、形 What is the basic training in art teaching in primary and secondary schools? What items should it include? Learning art can not be separated from sketching and copying. The so-called sketching, is based on specific objects to describe, the ancients called “teacher-made.” The so-called copying, is to follow the experience of previous generations, in accordance with the previous work to copy, the ancients called “teacher ancient.” Sketching is the solution to the problem of how to represent life in observation of life. Copy is the solution to the problem of how to express life from the works of his predecessors. Life is the source of art. In art learning, the role of sketching and copying is, in fact, an open source diversion. Sketching as a modeling art, it is to cultivate our ability to observe the reality of things, that is, the basic performance of the object structure, shape