“清赏”与“雅玩”——昆曲的文人环境与地域色彩

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苏州本是吴文化核心地,风物清嘉,人文灵慧。这方软水温山,悠悠人文不绝千年,流溢着多少风流、潇洒、雅致、温情,养育出多少文化的精灵。吴中地域文化源远流长、丰博深厚,它的文化形态长期地保持自己的独特个性与风格,文化与美学形象鲜明独特、卓有魅力。由明清时期吴中文人雅士传承创造的苏州美学,艺术风格曾经引领中国风骚数百年。苏州是一座浸润着深厚历史文化艺术的城市。它的每一时段的历史和人文风光都可圈可点、可赞可赏;它的每一条小巷深处都可能走过几位古今名人,谱写着一段段历代传颂的文坛雅韵。除了历代文人雅士吟风弄月、笔墨丹青,留下许多令人称羡的杰作佳篇外,还有园林、昆曲、评弹、苏剧、吴歌,还有丝绸织锦、刺绣缂丝、盆景、年画、苏扇、苏灯、工艺雕刻、乐器、刻书,乃至苏派建筑、苏式(即明式)家具、苏帮美食、“苏意”服饰、江南丝竹、通俗小说等等。苏州的传统文化艺术的门类是全面的,这些艺术且走入寻常百姓家,渗透在苏州人日常生活中,这就是苏州艺术的人文精神。对文化生活品位的追求,对教育与人的文化素养的重视,使苏州人文荟萃,久盛不衰。称苏州是中国最富有诗意的城市,当不为过,以致世人钦羡“可惜人生,不向吴城住”,赞叹“三生花草梦苏州”。苏州也曾在20世纪落伍,而后她又奇 Suzhou is the core of Wu culture, style Qingjia, humanistic wisdom. This side of the soft water temperature mountain, leisurely humanities millennium, overflowing with many Merry, smart, elegant, warmth, nurturing the number of cultural elves. Wuzhong regional culture has a long history, rich and profound, its cultural form has long maintained its own unique personality and style, culture and aesthetic image of distinct and unique, attractive. The aesthetics of Suzhou, which was created by the inheritors of the Wu Chinese literati in the Ming and Qing Dynasties, has been leading the Chinese genre for centuries. Suzhou is a city immersed in deep history and culture. Its historical and cultural scenery at every time of the year is commendable and worthy of praise. Each of its alleyways may have traveled several famous ancient and modern celebrities, composing a literary anecdote that has been passed down through the ages. In addition to the ancient literati Yinyin moon, pen and ink, leaving many admired masterpiece articles, there are gardens, Kunqu Opera, Pingtan, Su Opera, Wu Song, as well as silk tapestry, embroidery reeling, bonsai, New Year , Soviet fan, lamp, craft carving, musical instruments, engraving, and even Supai architecture, Soviet style (Ming style) furniture, Su food, “Su Yi” costumes, Jiangnan Sizhu, popular novels and so on. Suzhou’s traditional culture and art categories are comprehensive, these arts and into the homes of ordinary people, infiltration in Suzhou daily life, this is the humanistic spirit of Suzhou art. The pursuit of the quality of cultural life, education and cultural awareness of people’s attention, so that the blend of humanities in Suzhou, long lasting. Calling Suzhou the most poetic city in China, it is not an exaggeration that people in the world admire “a pity, but do not live in Wucheng.” Suzhou also fell behind in the 20th century, and then she was surprised
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