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目的对2012—2013年济南市手足口病重症患者进行流行病学调查并对其影响因素进行分析。方法选取2012—2013年济南市部分手足口病重症患者进行问卷调查,并对相关资料及致病危险因素采用非条件logistic回归分析方法进行分析。结果 2012—2013年济南市<5岁儿童手足口病重症发病率为95.38%,且随着年龄的增加重症发病率呈下降趋势(χ2=195.43,P<0.01);手足口病重症发病主要以散居儿童(81.15%)和幼托儿童(16.92%)为主,学生为1.92%,散居儿童手足口病重症发病率明显高于其他人群(χ2=123.24,P<0.01);手足口重症患者致病毒株主要为EV71型84例,阳性率为70.0%;采用多因素logistic回归模型分析显示,患者年龄、就医时间延迟、发热、口腔溃疡、皮疹及EV71阳性(OR=4.35、1.43、2.54、1.96、3.78、19.65,P<0.05)是重症发病的危险因素。结论济南市手足口病重症发病率较高,且以EV71型毒株感染为主,对较小年龄的患者应加强预防,及时就诊,减少重症病例的发生。
Objective To investigate the epidemiological survey of severe hand-foot-mouth disease in Jinan City from 2012 to 2013 and analyze the influential factors. Methods A questionnaire survey was conducted on some HFMD patients in Jinan from 2012 to 2013. Non-conditional logistic regression analysis was used to analyze the related data and risk factors. Results The incidence of HFMD was 95.38% in Jinan City from 2012 to 2013, and the incidence of HFMD decreased with age (χ2 = 195.43, P <0.01). The incidence of HFMD was mainly The incidence of hand-foot-mouth disease in scattered children was significantly higher than that in other groups (χ2 = 123.24, P <0.01). The incidence of hand-foot-mouth severe illnesses The virus strains were mainly EV71 (84 cases), with a positive rate of 70.0%. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the age of the patients, the delay of medical treatment, fever, oral ulcer, rash and EV71 positive (OR = 4.35,1.43,2.54,1.96 , 3.78,19.65, P <0.05) were the risk factors of severe disease. Conclusion The incidence of HFMD in Jinan City is high, and the infection with EV71 strain is the major factor. Prevention and timely treatment should be strengthened for patients of younger age to reduce the incidence of severe cases.