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为了探讨包头市学龄前儿童肺炎的患病率及其与现代住宅室内环境因素间的相关性,于2014年3~7月随机选取了包头市37所幼儿园的4 771名3~7岁儿童进行了一项横断面流行病学调研。本研究是全国性调研“中国室内环境与儿童健康研究(CCHH)”中的一部分。结果显示,包头市儿童肺炎患病率为22.7%。通过卡方检验及多元Logistic回归方法分析发现:家庭成员过敏史、家庭成员吸烟、比预产期提前出生均与肺炎患病率有显著的正相关性。室内环境因素如新装修、室内出现发霉、污斑、凝结水等潮湿迹象是儿童肺炎的危险因素。而母乳喂养以及经常晾晒被褥与儿童肺炎有显著的负相关性(a OR,95%CI分别为0.69,0.59~0.81;0.61,0.47~0.78)。本研究表明学龄前儿童肺炎患病率与现代住宅室内环境因素存在相关性。
In order to investigate the prevalence of pneumonia among preschool children in Baotou City and its relationship with the indoor environmental factors of modern residential buildings, 4 771 children aged 3 to 7 from 37 kindergartens in Baotou were randomly selected from March to July 2014 A cross-sectional epidemiological survey. This study is part of a national survey “China Indoor Environment and Children’s Health Research (CCHH)”. The results showed that the prevalence of pneumonia in children in Baotou was 22.7%. By means of chi-square test and multivariate logistic regression analysis, it was found that there was a significant positive correlation between the history of allergy in family members, smoking in family members and the premature birth rate and pneumonia prevalence. Indoor environmental factors such as the newly renovated indoor moldy, stains, condensation and other signs of moisture is a risk factor for childhood pneumonia. There was a significant negative correlation between breastfeeding and frequent drying of bedding and childhood pneumonia (a OR, 95% CI 0.69, 0.59-0.81; 0.61, 0.47-0.78, respectively). This study shows that the prevalence of pneumonia in preschool children is related to the indoor environmental factors in modern houses.