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1975年Carswall等在经内毒素处理BCG致敏家兔和小鼠的血浆中发现一种胞毒性因子,这种因子可引起小鼠移植的Math A肉瘤出血性坏死。由于这种因子的胞毒作用只选择性作用于肿瘤细胞,而无损于正常细胞的生物学功能,因此被命名为肿瘤坏死因子(tumor necrosis factor,TNF)。目前对TNF的分子结构、理化性质及生物学活性等已有初步了解,并已建立了TNF编码的基因克隆和进行体外合成TNF。TNF的分子结构及生物学特性的研究证明TNF是一种与干扰素、淋巴毒素、巨噬细胞分泌的细胞毒性因子在生物学特性方面完全不同的另一类细胞毒素。它的功能主要在于:特异性地抑制肿瘤细胞增殖、杀灭肿瘤细胞,它与干扰素有协同抗癌作用,而不影响正常细胞的生长、分化和代谢功能。因此,研究TNF的分
In 1975, Carswall et al. Found a cytotoxic factor in the plasma of rabbits and mice sensitized with endotoxin-treated BCG, which causes hemorrhagic necrosis of Mats-transplanted Math A sarcoma. The cytotoxicity of this factor was named tumor necrosis factor (TNF) because it only selectively acts on tumor cells without impairing the biological function of normal cells. At present, the molecular structure, physicochemical properties and biological activity of TNF have been preliminary understanding, and have established TNF-encoding gene cloning and in vitro synthesis of TNF. Studies of the molecular structure and biological properties of TNF have demonstrated that TNF is a distinct class of cytotoxins that are completely different in biological characteristics from cytotoxic agents secreted by interferons, lymphotoxins and macrophages. Its main function is: specifically inhibition of tumor cell proliferation, killing tumor cells, it has a synergistic anti-cancer effect with interferon, without affecting the normal cell growth, differentiation and metabolism. Therefore, the TNF fraction was studied