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目的探讨小儿肺炎患儿的微量元素、免疫球蛋白与易感因素。方法收治呼吸道反复感染患儿(观察组)及门诊体检的健康儿童(对照组)各80例,采用自制的小儿肺炎易感因素调查表,记录两组儿童血常规、血金属元素及血免疫球蛋白等检查结果。采用χ2检验和t检验进行易感因素的单因素分析,采用非条件Logistic回归模型进行易感因素的多因素分析。结果观察组的血钙、铁元素、血IgA和IgG明显低于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。将与小儿肺炎相关的因素引入多因素Logistic回归分析,结果显示:胎次≥3次(OR=2.988,95%CI 1.249~5.147)、被动吸烟(OR=6.812,95%CI 2.143~13.764)、低钙血症(OR=3.304,95%CI 1.203~6.056)、血清IgA<230 mg/L(OR=5.237,95%CI1.103~10.721)和IgG<5 g/L(OR=5.408,95%CI 1.282~11.302)、抗生素与激素的使用(OR=8.542,95%CI3.762~16.997)、生活环境(幼儿园)(OR=3.251,95%CI 1.377~6.223)为小儿肺炎的独立易感因素。结论小儿肺炎与多种因素有关,应针对易感因素做好预防工作。
Objective To investigate the trace elements, immunoglobulin and susceptibility factors in children with pneumonia. Methods A total of 80 healthy children (control group) with recurrent respiratory tract infection and outpatients were enrolled in this study. A questionnaire of children with pneumonia was used to record the blood routine, blood metal and blood immunoglobulin Protein and other test results. Univariate analysis of susceptibility factors was performed using χ 2 test and t test, and multivariate analysis of the predisposing factors was performed using the non-conditional logistic regression model. Results The levels of serum calcium, iron, IgA and IgG in the observation group were significantly lower than those in the control group (P <0.05). Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that the factors associated with pneumonia in children were more than 3 times (OR = 2.988,95% CI 1.249-5.147), passive smoking (OR = 6.812, 95% CI 2.143-13.764) (OR = 3.304, 95% CI 1.203-6.056), serum IgA <230 mg / L (OR 5.237, 95% CI 1.103-10.721) and IgG <5 g / L % CI 1.282-11.302). The antibiotics and hormones (OR = 8.542, 95% CI: 3762-16.997) and the living environment (kindergarten) (OR = 3.251, 95% CI: 1.377-6.223) factor. Conclusions Pediatric pneumonia is related to many factors and prevention should be done according to the predisposing factors.