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目的探讨会阴无保护接生技术对低危产妇分娩及生活质量的影响。方法选取常山县人民医院妇产科2013年1月-2015年1月接收的140例低危产妇为研究对象,采用随机数字表随机分为观察组和对照组,每组各70例。观察组患者运用会阴无保护接生技术分娩,对照组则运用保护会阴的常规接生方法分娩。观察并比较两组产妇会阴侧切情况,产中及产后疼痛、产后出血、新生儿窒息发生率等。结果观察组会阴侧切率为30.00%,明显低于对照组的61.43%(P<0.05);观察组第二产程用时(44.69±3.98)min,明显低于对照组的(53.09±3.15)min(P<0.05);观察组产后出血和新生儿窒息发生率均为2.86%,明显低于对照组的18.57%和11.43%(P<0.05);观察组产后会阴疼痛级别、住院时长及住院费用方面均低于对照组,满意度高于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组会阴裂伤发生率为51.43%,明显高于对照组的24.29%(P<0.05)。结论无保护会阴接生技术操作简单,安全性高,能够降低会阴侧切率和产妇伤痛,降低新生儿窒息发生率,值得临床大量应用。
Objective To explore the effect of unprotected perineal delivery on the delivery and quality of life of low-risk mothers. Methods A total of 140 low-risk maternal women received from the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Changshan People’s Hospital from January 2013 to January 2015 were selected as study subjects and randomly divided into observation group and control group using random number table, with 70 cases in each group. Patients in the observation group were delivered with unprotected delivery during the perineal period while those in the control group were delivered by the conventional delivery method for protecting the perineum. Observe and compare the situation of perineal excision, mid and postpartum pain, postpartum hemorrhage, neonatal asphyxia and so on. Results The rate of episiotomy in the observation group was 30.00%, significantly lower than 61.43% in the control group (44.69 ± 3.98) min, which was significantly lower than that in the control group (53.09 ± 3.15) min (P <0.05) P <0.05). The incidence of postpartum hemorrhage and neonatal asphyxia in the observation group was 2.86%, which was significantly lower than that in the control group (18.57% vs 11.43%, P <0.05). The pain rate, length of hospital stay and cost of hospitalization (P <0.05). The incidence of perineal laceration was 51.43% in the observation group, which was significantly higher than that in the control group (24.29%, P <0.05). Conclusion The unprotected perineal delivery technique is simple, safe and can reduce the perineal lateral cut rate and maternal pain, reduce the incidence of neonatal asphyxia, it is worth the clinical application.