目的分析四川省2011—2015年非洲输入性疟疾的流行病学特征,为输入性疟疾病例防控管理提供科学依据。方法收集2011—2015年全省非洲输入性疟疾病例资料,采用描述性流行病学方法对患者信息进行分析,用Excel表进行数据统计和作图分析。结果 2011—2015年四川省总共报告输入性疟疾病例1 131例,其中非洲输入病例890例,占78.69%,且呈逐年上升趋势,主要来自非洲的安哥拉、埃塞俄比亚、赤道几内亚、苏丹、尼日利亚、多哥、刚果等国家;其中间日疟258例,占28.99%,恶性疟583例,占65.51%,卵形疟27例,占3.03%,三日疟4例,占0.45%,混合感染18例,占2.02%;埃塞俄比亚以间日疟居多,占79.79%,其它地区如安哥拉、赤道几内亚、尼日利亚、多哥、刚果和塞拉利昂等国家以恶性疟居多,苏丹恶性疟和间日疟数量相当。成都市、广安市和南充市报告病例544例,占全省61.12%。男女比例为67.46∶1;患者以青壮年为主,平均年龄(39±9.13)岁;农民工677例,占76.07%;每月均有病例报告,5—8月报告病例484例,占54.38%;从发病到就诊平均(13.20±56)d;县级以上医疗机构报告873例,占98.09%;重症病例78例,重症恶性疟死亡病例12例。结论四川省非洲输入性疟疾病例呈上升态势,需要加强输入性疟疾病例管理,避免出现输入性继发病例,减少重症恶性疟死亡病例发生。 Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of imported malaria in Africa from 2011 to 2015 and provide a scientific basis for the prevention and control of imported malaria cases. Methods The data of malaria cases of imported malaria from 2011 to 2015 in the whole province were collected, and the information of patients was analyzed by descriptive epidemiological method. The data statistics and the mapping analysis were performed with Excel. Results A total of 1,131 cases of imported malaria were reported in Sichuan Province during 2011-2015, of which 890 cases were imported into Africa, accounting for 78.69% of the total, with an upward trend year by year, mainly from Africa, Angola, Ethiopia, Equatorial Guinea, Sudan, Nigeria and more Colombia, the Congo and other countries; of which 258 cases of vivax malaria, accounting for 28.99%, 583 cases of falciparum malaria, accounting for 65.51%, 27 cases of oval malaria, accounting for 3.03%, 3 malaria in 4 cases, accounting for 0.45% , Accounting for 2.02%. In Ethiopia, malaria is the most common, accounting for 79.79%. Other regions such as Angola, Equatorial Guinea, Nigeria, Togo, Congo and Sierra Leone are predominantly Plasmodium falciparum, Sudan is equal in quantity to Plasmodium falciparum and Plasmodium vivax. 544 cases were reported in Chengdu, Guang’an and Nanchong, accounting for 61.12% of the province. The male-female ratio was 67.46:1. The patients were mainly young and middle-aged, with an average age of (39 ± 9.13) years. 677 migrant workers accounted for 76.07%. There were monthly reports and 484 reported cases in May-August, accounting for 54.38% %; From the onset of treatment to an average of (13.20 ± 56) days; 873 cases reported above the county level medical institutions, accounting for 98.09%; 78 cases of severe cases, 12 cases of severe falciparum malaria deaths. Conclusions The incidence of imported malaria in Sichuan Province is on the rise. It is necessary to strengthen the management of cases of imported malaria, avoid the occurrence of imported cases and reduce the incidence of severe falciparum malaria cases.