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目的 研究端粒酶活性和相关基因表达在白血病患者中的变化及其在白血病发病机制中的意义。方法 通过半定量端粒重复序列扩增 (TRAP) 银染和RT PCR方法检测了 47例白血病患者骨髓细胞的端粒酶活性和相关基因hEST2、TP1、hTRmRNA表达水平。结果 42例白血病进展阶段标本的端粒酶活性和相关基因表达水平高于急性白血病完全缓解期、慢性粒细胞白血病 (慢粒 )慢性期、正常和贫血标本 (P <0 .0 1) ;14例急性白血病完全缓解期和 (或 )慢粒慢性期标本端粒酶活性和TP1、hTR基因表达水平高于正常和贫血标本 (P <0 .0 5 ) ;在部分正常和贫血标本中检测到相对低水平的端粒酶活性和相关基因表达 ,3例贫血标本经短期常规培养后检测到端粒酶活性和基因表达增高。结论 端粒酶活性和相关基因表达异常升高是造血细胞恶性转化的特异性标记之一 ,检测端粒酶活性和相关基因表达有助于白血病患者的疗效观察。正常骨髓的端粒酶活性与具有增殖分化能力的造血干细胞有关。hEST2可能是端粒酶的正调控结构基因 ,hTR基因表达与端粒酶的反馈调控机制有关。
Objective To study the changes of telomerase activity and related gene expression in leukemia patients and their significance in the pathogenesis of leukemia. Methods Semiquantitative telomeric repeat amplification (TRAP) silver staining and RT PCR were used to detect the telomerase activity and the expression levels of hEST2, TP1 and hTR mRNA in bone marrow cells of 47 patients with leukemia. Results The telomerase activity and related gene expression levels in the 42 leukemia progressive stage specimens were higher than those in acute leukemia complete remission stage, chronic myelogenous leukemia (chronic) chronic stage, normal and anemia samples (P < 0.01); 14 The telomerase activity and TP1, hTR gene expression levels in patients with acute leukemia complete remission and/or chronic phase chronic phase were higher than those in normal and anemic samples (P < 0.05); in some normal and anemic specimens With relatively low levels of telomerase activity and related gene expression, telomerase activity and gene expression were increased in 3 cases of anemia samples after short-term routine culture. Conclusion The abnormal increase of telomerase activity and related gene expression is one of the specific markers for the malignant transformation of hematopoietic cells. Detection of telomerase activity and related gene expression is helpful for the observation of the efficacy of leukemia patients. Telomerase activity in normal bone marrow is related to hematopoietic stem cells that have the ability to differentiate and proliferate. hEST2 may be a positive regulatory gene of telomerase, and hTR gene expression is related to the feedback regulation mechanism of telomerase.