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为了探明一种适用于半干旱气候条件下的微水溶性缓释肥料(北京市农林科学院研制,简称W,下同)在常规灌溉和减量灌溉条件下对夏玉米生长状况的影响,应用砂壤土盆栽玉米试验,设置了常规灌溉不施肥处理(CK)、常规灌溉的尿素处理(N)、常规灌溉的L型包衣尿素控释肥处理(L)、等量施肥与常规灌溉的微水溶性缓释肥处理(W1)、等量施肥与减量灌溉的微水溶性缓释肥处理(W2)5个处理。研究结果表明:与CK相比,所有施肥处理植株全氮、磷、钾含量与土壤残留硝态氮及速效钾含量均显著提高。各施肥处理相比,植株全氮含量为1.98%～2.37%,含量顺序依次为W2>W1>L>N,W2与N处理差异显著,其他处理差异均不显著;植株全钾含量为4.26%～4.84%,含量顺序依次为W1>W2>L>N,各处理差异不显著;土壤硝态氮含量为165～314mg/kg,含量顺序依次为W2>W1>L>N,W2与W1、N、L3个处理差异显著,其他处理间差异不显著;土壤速效钾含量为231.7～318.1mg/kg,含量顺序依次为W2=W1>N>L,W2与W1差异不显著,N与L差异不显著,其他处理间差异均显著。结果说明微水溶性缓释肥料养分释放具有一定的微水溶性与缓释性能,可以显著促进玉米植株氮素吸收,降低养分流失风险。
In order to find a suitable for semi-arid climatic conditions, water-soluble slow-release fertilizer (Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Research, referred to as W, the same below) under normal irrigation and reduced irrigation conditions on the growth of summer maize, application In the experiment of sandy loam potted maize, conventional CK without conventional fertilization (CK), urea (N) with conventional irrigation, L-coated controlled release urea with conventional irrigation (L) Water-soluble slow-release fertilizer treatment (W1), the same amount of fertilizer and reduced irrigation of water-soluble slow-release fertilizer treatment (W2) 5 treatment. The results showed that compared with CK, the content of total N, P and K and residual nitrate content and available potassium in all fertilizers increased significantly. The contents of total nitrogen were 1.98% ~ 2.37% in all the treatments. The order of contents was W2> W1> L> N, and there was significant difference between W2 and N treatments. The differences of other treatments were not significant. The total potassium content was 4.26% ~ 4.84%, and the order of contents is W1> W2> L> N, and there is no significant difference among treatments. The contents of nitrate nitrogen in soil are 165-314 mg / kg, N and L. The differences of other treatments were not significant. The contents of available potassium in soil were 231.7-318.1 mg / kg, the order of contents was W2 = W1> N> L, the difference between W2 and W1 was not significant, and the difference between N and L Not significant, the other treatment differences were significant. The results showed that the release of nutrients from the water-soluble slow-release fertilizer had certain water-solubility and slow-release properties, which could significantly promote the nitrogen absorption of corn plants and reduce the risk of nutrient loss.