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平衡增长可能采取三种形式:极端的形式,即在经济各部门中,净投资应按同一比率扩大;温和的形式,即“一切部门应同时扩充生产”,但不一定要按同一比率;以及牵强的形式,即以供给影响需求所造成的外部经济为根据。不平衡增长包括“摇摆不定”的经济发展,因而在一些部门中净投资的增长要比另一些部门快。两个主要的不平衡增长过程是希尔西曼的“连锁”和斯特里顿的“欲望的合成代谢”。“平衡”和“不平衡”是不足为凭的;“增长”是不够精确的。平衡增长和不平衡增长这个术语把两个不同的问题——不发达国家的最适度储蓄和收入比率为发展作出最适度大小的牺牲,同一定量储蓄在各种投资计划中的最好分配——搅在一起了。平衡增长和不平衡增长两方面的主要论述都要求中央政府对市场进行相当的干涉,但都假定干涉以一次为限,这就抹杀了在所计议的发展过程中国家进行持续改革的可能性。所以两者都忽视了发展的“真正”需要。平衡增长和不平衡增长所作的假定在两方面:时间的远景和竞争的程度,是不一致的。在一定限度内,这个争论是站不住的,因为它们实际上是回答两个不同的问题。而这个争论的大部分缺点是由于一个共同原因,即使之一般化的愿望。平衡增长不仅是不稳定的;要是把它应用到大多数不发达国家的话,还会带来可怕的后果。而以不平衡增长为根据的任何计划标准,则将会要求复杂得吓人的模型。
Balanced growth may take three forms: the extreme form, where net investment should expand at the same rate in all sectors of the economy; the milder form, “all sectors should expand production at the same time”, but not necessarily at the same rate; and The far-fetched form is based on the supply of the external economy that affected the demand. Uneven growth includes “rock-swing” economic growth, and net investment in some sectors has grown faster than others. The two main processes of unbalanced growth are Hillisman’s “chain” and Strudon’s “anabolism of desire.” “Balance” and “imbalance” are inadequate; “growth” is not precise enough. The term balanced growth and unbalance growth refers to the sacrifice of the most appropriate size for two different issues, the most modest saving and income ratio in underdeveloped countries, and the best allocation of a given amount of savings to various investment plans - Stir together. The main exposition of both balanced growth and unbalanced growth requires that the central government interfere fairly in the market, but both assume a one-time intervention, thus denying the possibility of continued national reforms in the development that is being considered. So both ignore the “real” need for development. The assumptions made by balanced growth and unbalanced growth are two-fold: the long-term perspective and the degree of competition are inconsistent. To a certain extent, this argument can not stand it because they actually answer two different questions. Much of the flaw in this debate is due to a common cause, even the generalized desire. Balanced growth is not only unstable; it can have terrible consequences if it is applied to most underdeveloped countries. Any planning standard based on unbalanced growth will require complex and intimidating models.