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[目的]总结分析温石棉及其人工代用品的致癌性。[方法]回顾迄今相关的中英文文献,总结分析有关温石棉及其人工代用品的性质、致癌机制以及防治措施的研究,并比较它们的致癌性。[结果]温石棉及其人工代用品有明确的致癌性,且人工代用品的致癌性并不亚于温石棉;其致癌机制包括:直接理化损伤、自由基及细胞因子介导的损伤、癌基因的激活以及抑癌基因的失活和其他多种因素;目前体外实验已成功降低温石棉致癌性。[结论]温石棉有着不可替代的实用性,但是其致癌性不容忽视,必须科学合理的使用温石棉及其人工代用品。
[Objective] To summarize the carcinogenicity of chrysotile and its artificial substitutes. [Methods] Reviewing the relevant Chinese and English literature so far, the paper summarizes the research on the nature of chrysotile and its artificial substitutes, carcinogenesis mechanism and prevention and cure measures, and compares their carcinogenicity. [Result] Chrysotile and its artificial substitutes had a definite carcinogenicity, and the carcinogenicity of artificial substitutes was as low as that of chrysotile. The carcinogenic mechanisms include direct physical and chemical damage, free radical and cytokine-mediated damage, cancer Gene activation and tumor suppressor gene inactivation and many other factors; the current in vitro experiments have been successful in reducing carcinogenicity of chrysotile. [Conclusion] Chrysotile has an irreplaceable practicality, but its carcinogenicity can not be neglected. Asbestos and its artificial substitutes must be used scientifically and reasonably.