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目的探讨江西省基层医务工作者的心理健康与职业倦怠现况及其关系。方法采取整群抽样法,采用症状自评量表(SCL-90)、职业倦怠问卷—服务行业版(MBI-HSS)和自编一般情况问卷对江西省各地652名基层医务工作者进行测评与分析。结果 (1)SCL-90得分:基层医务工作者在躯体化、人际敏感、焦虑、抑郁、敌对因子上得分显著高于全国常模(t=3.193,2.615,3.009,3.327,3.102;P<0.05);而强迫症状、恐怖、偏执、精神病性因子分与全国常模相比,差异无统计学意义。(2)MBI-HSS得分方面:情感淡漠(5.53±4.67)处于轻度水平,个人成就感(24.39±10.21)和情感衰竭(36.79±9.39)均处于中度水平;(3)SCL-90中部分因子与MBI-HSS中的情感淡漠和情绪衰竭维度呈显著正相关(P<0.05);SCL-90中各因子与个人成就感维度之间相关程度相对较低。结论江西省基层医务工作者的职业倦怠状况和心理健康水平总体均较差,二者密切联系,应加强对该群体的关注并实行积极有效的对策加以改善。
Objective To explore the current situation and the relationship between mental health and job burnout among primary medical workers in Jiangxi Province. Methods A total of 652 primary medical workers in Jiangxi Province were assessed by cluster sampling method using SCL-90, MBI-HSB and self-prepared questionnaires analysis. Results (1) Scores of SCL-90: The scores of somatization, interpersonal sensitivity, anxiety, depression and hostility in primary health care workers were significantly higher than those in national norms (t = 3.193,2.615,3.009,3.327,3.102; P <0.05 ). Compulsive symptoms, horror, paranoid and psychotic factors were not statistically different from the national norm. (2) MBI-HSS score: mild apathetic (5.53 ± 4.67) was mild, personal accomplishment (24.39 ± 10.21) and emotional exhaustion (36.79 ± 9.39) were moderate; (3) Some factors were positively correlated with indifference and emotional exhaustion dimension in MBI-HSS (P <0.05). The correlation between each factor in SCL-90 and personal accomplishment dimension was relatively low. Conclusion The job burnout and mental health status of grassroots medical workers in Jiangxi Province are generally poor. The two are closely related, and the attention of the group should be strengthened and the positive and effective countermeasures should be improved.