明末耶稣会士来华传教使中国和西方得以进行较深层次的文化交流,是中西文化交流史上的一件大事。耶稣会作为一个刚成立不久的年轻修会,却能成为当时天主教修会在中国传教最为成功者,与修会的自身内涵紧密相连。本文将尝试从欧洲背景和耶稣会自身状况两个方面来分析耶稣会士来华传教的背景。 The mission of the Jesuits in China in the late Ming period to enable China and the West to conduct deeper cultural exchanges is a major event in the history of Sino-Western cultural exchanges. As a newly formed young seminary, the Jesuits could become the most successful Catholic missionary in China at that time, closely linked with its own connotation. This article attempts to analyze the background of Jesuits’ missions in China from both the European context and the state of Jesus itself.