新中国诞生后，1950年3月在全国范围内进行了一次工矿企业普查。全国性的工业企业的月度、季度和年度统计报表制度，就是在工矿企业普查和1954年的全国私营工业企业和手工业普查的基础上，逐步建立和完善起来的。 50年代后期，工业统计数据曾出现过严重不实。文化大革命期间 After the birth of New China, a survey of industrial and mining enterprises was conducted across the country in March 1950. The monthly, quarterly and annual statistical reports of the national industrial enterprises are gradually being established and perfected on the basis of general surveys of industrial and mining enterprises and the census of private industrial enterprises and handicrafts in 1954 in China. In the late 1950s, industrial statistics had been grossly false. During the Cultural Revolution