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如果从亚当·斯密发表《国富论》时起审视经济学的发展历程,不到短短240年,而对于市场经济到底是自由放任还是国家干预的争论贯穿始终。从中我们不难发现,每当自由放任一派占优时,总会过度放任从而导致严重的经济危机,使得国家干预程度极大增加;而当危机度过百废待兴时,自由思潮又再次兴盛。本文就从亚当·斯密—凯恩斯—弗里德曼—克鲁格曼的历史时间线索出发,着眼分析“自由放任vs.国家干预”经济思想的演化过程,就像在争论是放养还是圈养一头公牛一样,并指出这一往复循环现象的出现是源于人本身或者说资本主义社会的贪婪总会突破道德底线的结果,因此极有可能继续持续地发生下去。
If we look at the history of economics from Adam Smith’s “Wealth of Nations” theory in less than 240 years, the debate over whether the market economy is laissez-faire or state intervention runs through. From this we can easily find out that whenever the laissez-faire party prevails, it will always be excessively laissez-faire, which will lead to a serious economic crisis, which will greatly increase the level of state intervention. When the crisis is over for a long time, the free-thinking trend will flourish again. Starting from the historical time clues of Adam Smith-Keynes-Friedman-Krugman, this essay focuses on the evolution of the economic thinking of laissez faire vs. state intervention, just as in the debate over the stocking or In the same way as a bull captive, he points out that the appearance of this reciprocating cycle stems from the fact that the greed of human beings or capitalist societies always breaks the moral bottom line and is therefore likely to continue.