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公元1790年“四大徽班”进北京后的几十年间,徽戏二簧不但增进了同汉调皮簧的结合,又吸收了秦腔(梆子)、昆腔等的滋养,形成一种既继承了民族戏曲优良传统,又体现了作为清朝带都的北京之特征的崭新剧种。这就是京剧。不过,那时人们习惯于称之为“二黄”,所谓“梆子二黄两下锅”,即是说的梆子和京剧一起演出。京剧历史上有名的三庆、四喜、春台、宝胜和诸班社,很负盛誊,拥有余三胜、程长庚、张二奎、徐小香、俞菊笙、谭鑫培、汪桂芬、孙菊仙、时小福、陈德霖、王瑶卿等着名表演艺术家。而梆子,原在山西、陕西一带发展,清朝中叶才流入河北,并于道光年间形成河北梆子,通称秦腔。1870年至1920年间,梆子已在北京达到了自己的极盛时代。这时,它在北京不但有极广泛的影
In the decades after the “Four Great Classes” were introduced to Beijing in 1790, the emblem not only enhanced the combination of the nostalgia spring with the Han, but also absorbed the nourishment of the Shaanxi Opera and the Kunqu Opera, The fine traditions of national opera also reflect the brand-new drama that characterized Beijing as a capital of the Qing Dynasty. This is Beijing Opera. However, people were accustomed to calling it “two yellow” at that time. The so-called “prickly heat two pots and two pots” meant that the prince and the Beijing opera performed together. Peking Opera is famous in the history of the three celebrations, Sisi, Spring Terrace, Po-sheng and various classes, very negative, with Yu Sansheng, Cheng Changgeng, Zhang Erkui, Xu Xiaoxiang, Yu Jusheng, Tan Xinpei, Wang Guifen, Sun Juxian, Shi Xiaofu, Chen Delin, Wang Yaoqing Other famous performing artists. The prickly heat, the original in Shanxi, Shaanxi area development, before entering the middle of the Qing Dynasty in Hebei, and during the formation of Daoguang Hebei clapper, known as the Qin cavity. From 1870 to 1920, prickly heat has reached its peak in Beijing. At this time, it not only has a very wide range of shadows in Beijing