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随着法理念向“安全优先,兼顾隐私和产业利益”更新,全球范围内的网络监控法律正经历现代化的范式革命,其动因和发展趋势对中国网络监控法的现代化具有重要意义。网络监控法的现代化是理论、技术、社会和经济等因素共同推动的结果;各国选择法治化模式,明确通讯业者的协助义务和政府责任,以优先保障安全利益。中国面临着与世界同步的安全威胁,但是网络监控法现代化程度相对不足,需要通过法治化路径确立专门统一的网络监控法律体系,一方面需要明确通讯业者的协助义务,建立宽严有别的授权制度,以保障网络监控能力和国家安全;另一方面需要引入对网络监控的司法监督等国际通行准则,以兼顾隐私和通讯自由。
With the renewal of the concept of law towards “safety first, giving consideration to privacy and industrial interests”, the law of network monitoring is experiencing a modern paradigm revolution worldwide. The motivation and development trend are of great significance to the modernization of China’s network monitoring law. The modernization of the network monitoring law is the result of the combination of theory, technology, society and economy. All countries choose the mode of legalization and clarify their assistance obligations and government responsibilities so as to give priority to the security interests. China faces a security threat that is synchronized with the world. However, the modernization of network monitoring laws is relatively inadequate. Therefore, it is necessary to establish a special and unified network monitoring legal system through the path of legalization. On the one hand, it is necessary to clarify the obligation of assistance for telecommunications operators and establish a wide range of other authorizations System to safeguard network surveillance and national security; on the other hand, we need to introduce internationally accepted guidelines on judicial supervision of network surveillance so as to give consideration to privacy and freedom of communication.