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为研究桥梁在生命周期过程中维护对安全性的提升,及桥梁维护过程所带来的环境影响,基于不确定性的思想,将失效概率作为结构安全性的表征指标,分析了桥梁结构有无维护和进行预防性维护、实质性维护的时变可靠度变化;基于考虑终点破坏模型的生态指标法,做出了桥梁的生命周期环境影响评价(Life cycle assessment,LCA);采用帕累托优化方法进行了失效概率与生命周期环境影响值双目标下的桥梁维护策略优化。运用该方法分析了某钢筋混凝土桥梁在有预防性维护和没有预防性维护情景下,以及预防性维护首次实施时间与实施周期的不同所引起的生命周期累积失效概率和环境影响的变化,并对其维护策略进行了优化分析。结论表明合理安排多次预防性维护能够有效延迟实质性维护的发生时间并降低生命周期环境影响,可以根据对结构安全储备要求和环境影响要求选择桥梁最优维护策略。
In order to study the maintenance of the bridge during the life cycle of the bridge to enhance the safety and environmental impact of the bridge maintenance process, based on the uncertainty of thinking, the probability of failure as a structural safety indicators, analysis of the bridge structure with or without Maintain and carry out preventive maintenance and substantive maintenance. Based on the ecological indicator method that takes the end-point failure model into account, a life cycle assessment (LCA) of the bridge was made. Pareto Optimization The method was used to optimize the bridge maintenance strategy under the dual objective of failure probability and life cycle environmental impact value. This method is used to analyze the change of life cycle cumulative failure probability and environmental impact caused by the difference between the first implementation time and the implementation period of preventive maintenance in the condition of preventive maintenance and non-preventive maintenance of a reinforced concrete bridge. Its maintenance strategy has been optimized and analyzed. The conclusion shows that rational arrangement of multiple preventive maintenance can effectively delay the occurrence time of substantive maintenance and reduce the environmental impact of life cycle, and can choose the optimal bridge maintenance strategy according to the requirement of structural safety reserve and environmental impact.