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本文从企业出口与生产率关系出发,对中国企业的出口学习效应进行了考察。使用倍差分方法对企业出口学习效应进行实证分析后发现,即使加入研发、劳动生产率、资本密集度等控制变量,也没有证据表明中国企业的出口行为具有提高生产率的作用。进一步使用出口量代替出口行为后,出口学习效应也仅在一般贸易企业显著,而在加工贸易企业并不显著。上述结论在改变企业的行业、所有制和地区等特征后仍较为稳健,这说明仍需谨慎对待出口学习效应的本土适用性。
Based on the relationship between export and productivity of enterprises, this paper examines the export learning effects of Chinese enterprises. Empirical analysis of the export-learning effect of enterprises using the multiple-difference method shows that there is no evidence that the export behavior of Chinese enterprises has the effect of increasing productivity even though the control variables such as R & D, labor productivity and capital intensity are added. After further use of export volume instead of export behavior, the export learning effect is only significant in the general trade enterprises, while in the processing trade enterprises is not significant. The above conclusion is still relatively stable after changing the characteristics of the enterprises, industries and regions, which shows that the local applicability of the export learning effect still needs to be treated with caution.