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目的了解不同地区10~11岁儿童血铅水平和相关血清学指标的变化。方法选择无铅污染史的L山区和H岛屿以及附近有重工业的N工业区10~11岁儿童为研究对象,采集晨尿和外周静脉血,检测血铅(Pb B)、尿δ-氨基-γ-酮戊酸(ALA)、血清钙(Ca~(2+))、尿素氮(BUN)、肌酐(Cr)、促甲状腺素(TSH)、甲状腺素(T4)和游离甲状腺素(FT4)水平。结果 N工业区儿童Pb B中位数为36.0 ppb,高于H岛屿的23.8 ppb和L山区的22.0 ppb(均P<0.05)。三个监测点儿童的尿δ-ALA、血清BUN、Cr水平差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。N工业区儿童血清Ca~(2+)为(2.19±0.16)mmol/L,低于L山区的(2.47±0.15)mmol/L和H岛屿的(2.46±0.19)mmol/L(均P<0.05)。N工业区儿童血清T4为(99.2±11.8)nmol/L,低于L山区的(110.9±14.5)nmol/L和H岛屿的(110.2±18.2)nmol/L(均P<0.05);H岛屿儿童血清FT4为(17.3±2.1)pmol/L,高于L山区儿童的(16.0±2.5)pmol/L和N工业区的(14.8±1.7)pmol/L(均P<0.05);L山区儿童TSH为(3.99±1.74)m IU/L,高于N工业区的(2.65±1.03)m IU/L和H岛屿的(2.51±1.15)m IU/L(均P<0.05)。结论 N工业区儿童血铅水平较高,可能对儿童健康造成不良影响,应引起有关部门重视。
Objective To understand the changes of blood lead levels and related serological markers in children aged 10 ~ 11 years in different areas. Methods L mountainous areas and H islands with history of unleaded pollution and children aged 10 ~ 11 years old in N industrial area near heavy industry were selected as study objects. Morning urine and peripheral venous blood were collected to detect blood lead (Pb B), urinary δ-amino- ALA, Ca 2+, BUN, Cr, TSH, FT 4 and free thyroxine (FT 4) Level. Results The median Pb Pb in children in industrial zone N was 36.0 ppb, higher than that of 23.8 ppb in H island and 22.0 ppb in mountain L (both P <0.05). There was no significant difference in urinary δ-ALA, serum BUN, Cr levels between the three monitoring points (P> 0.05). (2.19 ± 0.16) mmol / L, (2.47 ± 0.15) mmol / L in L mountain area and (2.46 ± 0.19) mmol / L in H island in N industrial area (all P < 0.05). The level of serum T4 was (99.2 ± 11.8) nmol / L in N industrial area, lower than that in L mountainous area (110.9 ± 14.5) nmol / L and 110.2 ± 18.2 nmol / L in H island (all P <0.05) (17.3 +/- 2.1) pmol / L, (16.0 +/- 2.5) pmol / L for children in L mountain area and (14.8 +/- 1.7) pmol / L for N industry area respectively) (all P <0.05) TSH was (3.99 ± 1.74) m IU / L higher than (2.65 ± 1.03) m IU / L in N industrial area and (2.51 ± 1.15) m IU / L in H island (P <0.05). Conclusion Higher levels of blood lead in children in industrial zone N may have an adverse impact on the health of children, which should be given due attention by relevant departments.