采用统计量的标准化方法,研究了均值μ的单侧限计量一次抽样检验的一般理论与方法。在方差σ~2已知的条件下,前人已给出完善的理论;在方差σ~2未知的条件下,传统方法是在样本量n较大时,将其转化为正态分布处理。这样不仅受到n较大的限制,而且抽样方案也是近似的。本文利用中心t分布的理论,解决了不论n大小如何,都可求得精确抽样方案,为修订GB8054—87提供依据。 Using the standardization method of statistics, we study the general theory and method of single-sample measurement of mean μ. Under the condition that the variance σ ~ 2 is known, the perfect theory has been given before. Under the condition that the variance σ ~ 2 is unknown, the traditional method is to convert the sample size n into a normal distribution when the sample size n is large. This is not only limited by the larger n, but also the sampling plan is similar. In this paper, we use the theory of center t distribution to solve the problem that the exact sampling scheme can be obtained regardless of the size of n and provide the basis for the revision of GB8054-87.