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目的了解淮安市生畜禽肉和即食性淡水龙虾中致病菌的污染状况以及相关菌株的耐药性,为食源性疾病预防工作提供依据。方法依据国家食品微生物检测标准检测233份生畜禽肉和152份即食性淡水龙虾产品中的致病菌,然后测定相关致病菌的耐药性。结果生畜禽肉中致病菌检出率为21.03%(49/233),即食性淡水龙虾产品中致病菌检出率为3.95%(6/152)。分离到的致病菌包括沙门氏菌(32株)、金黄色葡萄球菌(19株),单增李斯特菌(5株)和副溶血弧菌(4株)。沙门氏菌和金黄色葡萄球菌分离株的耐药情况严重。其中,沙门氏菌分离株主要对氨苄西林和萘啶酸具有耐药性,分别为78.13%和81.25%;金黄色葡萄球菌分离株则对红霉素(94.74%)、甲氧苄氨嘧啶/磺胺甲噁唑(84.21%)和克林霉素(63.16%)具有较强的耐药性。结论淮安市生畜禽肉和即食性淡水龙虾中致病菌污染严重,且沙门氏菌和金黄色葡萄球菌耐药性严重。相关部门应该加强市场监督并建立食品致病菌持续监测机制,预防食源性疾病的暴发。
Objective To understand the pollution status of pathogenic bacteria in live poultry and freshwater lobster and the drug resistance of the related strains in Huai’an City and provide the basis for the prevention of foodborne diseases. Methods According to the National Food Microbiological Test Standard, 233 pathogenic bacteria in live poultry and 152 freshwater lobster products were tested, and the drug resistance of the relevant pathogenic bacteria was determined. Results The detection rate of pathogenic bacteria in live poultry meat was 21.03% (49/233), and that of freshwater lobster products was 3.95% (6/152). Pathogenic bacteria isolated include Salmonella (32 strains), Staphylococcus aureus (19 strains), Listeria monocytogenes (5 strains) and Vibrio parahaemolyticus (4 strains). Salmonella and Staphylococcus aureus isolates were heavily drug-resistant. Among them, the Salmonella isolates were mainly resistant to ampicillin and nalidixic acid, which were 78.13% and 81.25%, respectively. Staphylococcus aureus isolates were resistant to erythromycin (94.74%), trimethoprim / sulfamethoxazole Oxazole (84.21%) and clindamycin (63.16%) were highly resistant. Conclusion The pathogenic bacteria in live poultry and freshwater lobster in Huaian City are seriously polluted, and the drug resistance of Salmonella and Staphylococcus aureus is serious. Relevant departments should strengthen market supervision and establish a continuous monitoring mechanism of foodborne pathogens to prevent the outbreak of foodborne diseases.