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激光器的光束质量、功率、光的波长以及偏振状态是影响激光加工的几个主要参数。本文论述了材料加工对激光光束质量的要求以及光束质量的评定标准，分析了光束质量、直径与波长对光的传输、聚焦与加工性能的影响，归纳了不同功率密度时激光能量的吸收机制以及波长的影响，讨论了激光的偏振及其应用。
Laser beam quality, power, wavelength and polarization of light affect the laser processing of several major parameters. In this paper, the requirements of material processing for laser beam quality and the evaluation standard of beam quality are discussed. The influences of beam quality, diameter and wavelength on the transmission, focusing and processing of light are analyzed. The absorption mechanism of laser energy at different power densities and The influence of wavelength on the polarization of laser and its application are discussed.