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为探究临近断层处孤岛工作面开采时断层煤柱的受力状态与动力显现的发生机理,理论分析了某矿7192工作面的覆岩结构及其运移规律,探讨了由断层错动导致的工作面动力显现及强矿震的发生机理,利用震动波CT技术对工作面冲击危险性进行动态预警。结果表明:1)工作面倾向覆岩结构将由以工作面煤体为承载主体的对称短臂“T”型结构转化为以断层煤柱为承载主体的非对称“T”型结构,走向上因工作面面长较短使中高位关键层出现较长悬顶,其上方为非对称“T”覆岩结构;2)工作面断层附近历次强矿震均受断层活动静止期影响,即矿震时隔越长,后续矿震能量越大;3)中高位关键层的突然破断与运动是工作面矿震活动的主要动力源,导致的断层煤柱承载能力失效使断层突然错动,产生的冲击动载与煤体高静载叠加诱发动力显现;4)震动波CT动态预警技术揭示了工作面区域的应力演化过程,且动力显现区域与强矿震位置也与反演结果吻合,证明了预警结果的可靠性。
In order to explore the mechanism of the stress state and dynamic manifestation of the fault pillars when mining the island face adjacent to the fault, the overlying strata structure and its migration pattern in a 7192 working face of a mine are analyzed theoretically. The dynamic of working face and the occurrence mechanism of strong mine shock are used to dynamically alert the danger of impact on the working face by using CT technology of vibration wave. The results show that: 1) the overburden structure of working face tends to be transformed into asymmetrical “T” type structure with the main body of fault pillars as its main body by the symmetrical short arm , Due to the shorter working face length so that the middle and high key layer appears a long overhang, the top of the asymmetric “T ” overburden structure; 2) 3) The sudden breaking and movement of the key high-level key layers is the main power source of mine’s quarrying, and the failure of the bearing capacity of fault coal pillar causes the fault 4) the dynamic early warning technology of vibration wave CT reveals the stress evolution process in the working face area, and the dynamic appearance area and the location of strong mining shocks are also inverse with the inversion The results agree with each other, which proves the reliability of the early warning result.