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本文按三种不同形式的微分响应函数计算了球探测器对点源的响应。结果表明,探测器的有效中心在近源半球内,相对几何中心的位移小于1/3球半径。当源与探测器中心之间的距离 D 大于球半径γ约1倍时,对点源响应的实测值乘以1/(1+δγ~2/D~2),将与宽平行束的响应一致;此处δ是依赖于中子能量的系数,其值在1/6—1/4之间。在多数情况下,可忽略探测器的有效中心与几何中心的差异,例如D/γ大于3、5和7时,所引入的误差分别小于3%、1%和0.5%。理论值与利克计数器对~(241)Am-Be 源响应的实验值作了比较,二者在实验误差范围内较好地符合。
In this paper, three different forms of differential response function to calculate the ball detector response to the point source. The results show that the effective center of the detector is within the near-hemisphere and the displacement relative to the geometric center is less than 1/3 the radius of the sphere. When the distance D between the source and the detector center is greater than about 1 times the radius γ of the sphere, the response to the point source is multiplied by 1 / (1 + δγ ~ 2 / D ~ 2) Where δ is a coefficient that depends on the neutron energy and is between 1/6 and 1/4. In most cases, the difference between the effective center of the detector and the geometric center can be neglected. For example, when the D / γ is greater than 3, 5 and 7, the introduced errors are less than 3%, 1% and 0.5% respectively. The theoretical value is compared with the experimental data of the response of ~ (241) Am-Be sourced by the Lick counter, and both agree well with the experimental error.