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【目的】揭示野扁桃不同居群果实和种子形态变异特点,为野扁桃资源保护和开发利用提供科学依据。【方法】采用居群生物学调查与统计分析方法,对野扁桃4个自然居群的果实和种子形态进行观测。【结果】在调查的11个表型性状中,不同性状在居群间变异系数从0.245(种子质量,SW)到0.078(果核长度,FL),果核长度(FL)最为稳定。单因素方差分析显示,居群间果核宽、果核与种子长宽比等(FB、FL/FD、SL/SD、SW/FW)差异显著,果核与种子质量等(FT、FW、SD、ST、SW)5项的差异极显著。聚类分析显示,4个居群可划分为2类,在巩留和塔城居群间(TX与TW)已发生较大变异。【结论】野扁桃果实和种子形态具有丰富的变异,在其优良种源的选育中应重视环境造成的差异以便开发利用和资源保护。
【Objective】 The objective of this study was to reveal the morphological variations of fruits and seeds in different populations of Wild Almond, and to provide a scientific basis for the conservation and development of Wild Almond. 【Method】 The results of population biology investigation and statistical analysis were used to observe the fruit and seed morphology of four natural populations of wild Almond. 【Result】 Among the 11 phenotypic traits investigated, the coefficient of variation (CV) of different traits among the populations ranged from 0.245 (seed quality, SW) to 0.078 (kernel length, FL) and the kernel length (FL) was the most stable. One-way analysis of variance showed that there were significant differences among kernels, kernel length and seed length ratio (FB, FL / FD, SL / SD, SW / FW) SD, ST, SW) five significant differences. Cluster analysis showed that the four populations could be divided into two categories, with large variations in Gongliu and Tacheng populations (TX and TW). 【Conclusion】 The fruit and seed morphology of wild Almond are rich in variation. In the breeding of its excellent provenance, the difference caused by the environment should be emphasized in order to exploit and utilize the resources.