在初中数学中,“两点之间,线段最短”(以下简称“线段公理”)是一个非常重要的知识点,在解决实际问题时,它的用途也非常广泛,尤其是在解决有关“最短”的问题时,通过运用化归的思想方法,效果更为显著.下面试举两例说明. 例1 如图1,在一条河的同侧有A、B两个村庄,要在河岸a上修码头M, 使AM+BM为最短,试确定M点的位置. In junior high school mathematics, the “shortest line segment between two points” (hereinafter referred to as “line segment axiom”) is a very important knowledge point. When it comes to solving practical problems, its use is also very wide, especially in When solving the “shortest” problem, the effect is even more pronounced by using the method of transformation. Here are two examples to illustrate. Example 1 In Figure 1, there are two villages A and B on the same side of a river. , To repair the pier M on the bank a, make AM+BM the shortest, try to determine the position of the M point.