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利用ERA40、NCEP/NCAR和JRA25再分析资料以及青藏高原（下称高原）地区的探空资料和1979年高原地区第一次气象科学试验资料,较详细地比较了高原地区位势高度的分布和变化特征。结果表明,三套再分析资料在高原地区具有一定的相似性,但仍存在明显的差别。相比较而言,再分析资料与探空资料位势高度值呈显著正相关关系,JRA25再分析资料的相关系数最大,其标准差最小;但是在高原中部和南部地区,ERA40再分析资料偏差略小于NCEP/NCAR和JRA25再分析资料。再分析资料与第一次高原气象科学试验资料之间具有显著的空间相关性,其相关系数随高度的升高而增加,在400hPa达到最大值,同一标准等压面上再分析资料与试验资料的空间相关性之间存在着差别。“,”Based on ERA40,NCEP/NCAR and JRA25 reanalysis data,the observed upper-level data over Qinghai-Xizang Plateau and the First Meterorological Science Experiment data of Qinghai-Xizang Plateau in 1979,the characteristics of geopotential height were compared.Although there were some similarities,some differences among several reanalysis data are found.Comparatively,there was a significant positive correlation for reanalysis data with upper-level observation data,the maximum correlation value and minimum standard deviation of errors were found between JRA25 reanalysis data and upper-level observation data.The error of ERA40 reanalysis data was the smallest among several reanalysis data.There was a significant spatial similarity that increased with pressure and its maximum value was on 400 hPa and the difference was found in the same pressure between reanalysis data and the first experiment data.