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马是古代雕塑中常出现的形象之一,本文通过对秦、汉、南北朝时期的军马俑从雕塑艺术角度进行对比、分析和总结。说明西汉时期的艺匠以还原一支护卫墓主的强大部队和营造墓室肃穆氛围为出发点。军马的造型在继承秦代恭立动态和写实表现手法,结合汉代良马品种和汉代人对良马的认识,展现出汉代人心目中完美战马的形体。在此基础上融入楚文化追求气韵生动的审美意趣,吸收楚地木雕的造型特点。通过向上升腾的大形,马脖后仰,马胸前挺,马尾顺应动态线向上翘起,形成一条流畅的“之”字型形体大趋势,加之细节形体向后、向上的流线型梳理,以及现实中马的生动瞬间形态的捕捉,塑造表现出既壮硕挺拔又灵活机动的战马形象。这些优秀的雕塑艺术处理手法和创作经验对雕塑艺术的发展具有极高的学习和借鉴价值。
The horse is one of the images often found in ancient sculptures. This article compares, analyzes and summarizes the sculptures of the sculptures of the Warriors and Horses from the Qin, Han, Southern and Northern Dynasties. Describe the Western Han Dynasty artisans to restore a strong guard escort tomb of the main force and create a solemn atmosphere of the tomb as a starting point. The style of the horse and horse inherits the dynamic and realistic expression tactics of the Qin Dynasty, and combines the good horse breeds in the Han Dynasty and the Han people’s understanding of the “good horse” to show the perfect horse form of the Han Dynasty. On the basis of this, Chu culture is absorbed into the vivid aesthetic taste of Chu and absorbs the characteristics of Chu wood carving. By rising to the big shape, horse neck back, chest before the horse, tail along the dynamic line tilt up to form a smooth “” shape of the trend, coupled with the details of body backwards, up streamlined comb , As well as the reality of the horse’s vivid instantaneous capture of the shape, showing both strong and tall and flexible maneuver horse image. These excellent sculpture art practices and creative experience of sculpture art has a very high learning and reference value.