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目的通过问题的广度和深度两个指标,分析我国食品安全领域内34类问题的社会关注程度和影响力大小,为确定食品安全领域内的关键问题提供依据。方法检索2003-2015年中国食品安全领域相关的中英文文献1 388篇,通过文献评阅建立文献分析数据库,选取问题提及次数、问题涉及的地域范围、问题主要针对的领域、研究者的单位层次等指标计算问题的严重性指数并排序;使用K-均值聚类分析法将问题划分为严重、一般、不严重3类。结果食品安全领域的34类问题中,严重问题有4个,严重性指数排序前3位的有:“食品安全管理涉及多个部门,部门之间职责交叉和监管空白并存”(0.083 1);“食品生产者违法添加或不合理使用危害食品安全的物质”(0.078 8);“国家食品安全法律体系存在监管盲区,罚则太轻”(0.072 6)。结论 “食品安全管理部门之间职责交叉和监管空白并存”为最严重问题,是我国食品安全治理的重点方向。
Objective To analyze the social concerns and influential factors of 34 kinds of issues in the field of food safety in China based on the breadth and depth of the issues and provide the basis for determining the key issues in the field of food safety. Methods A total of 1 388 Chinese and English literatures related to food safety in China were retrieved from 2003 to 2015. A literature analysis database was established through literature review. The number of questions mentioned, the geographical scope of the questions, the main areas of the problem, the unit level of the researchers And other indicators to calculate the severity of the index and sort; use K-means clustering analysis of the problem is divided into serious, general, not serious three categories. Results Among the 34 types of food safety problems, there were 4 serious problems, and the top 3 of the seriousness index ranked were: “Food safety management involves multiple departments and departments coexist with each other and regulatory gaps coexist” (0.083 1 ); “Food producers illegally add or unreasonably use substances that endanger food safety” (0.078 8); “There is a regulatory blind spot in the national food safety legal system and penalties are too light” (0.072 6). Conclusion “The most serious problem is the coexistence of responsibilities and regulatory gap between food safety management departments”, which is the key direction of food safety management in our country.