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本研究证明,旱少耕能提高耕作质量,改善耕层土壤理化性质,促进水稻生育,增加产量,降低成本,提高生产率,利于实现机械化。“以旋代翻”的旱少耕以三年为周期,实行“二旋一翻”为宜。“以耙代翻”的旱少耕、不必轮翻,可连年“以耙代翻”。旱少耕适于草甸型水稻土、冲积型水稻土等干燥的稻田。冷浆型水稻土、泥炭型水稻土等潮湿的稻田则宜行水少耕。免耕第一年确有明显的发苗壮根,促使早熟,提高产量的功效,连续搞二年亦略有增产趋势,到第三年遭致大幅度减产。土壤松软的冷浆型水稻土、泥炭型水稻土可以免耕。普耕已超出有效耕量,加剧土壤肥力减退,浪费劳力、动力、增加机耕费用。因此,应减少多余耕作,朝着少量有效耕作方向发展。多次分施的氮肥施用方法,适宜少耕、免耕,提高氮肥利用率,增加水稻产量。总之,少耕法并不是农田作业的简单减少,更不是回到粗放经营,减耕的实质是用生物的、理化的因素代替机械的作用,表明土壤耕作技术向高级阶段发展,是多种农艺和现代技术措施的综合应用,是以少量的土壤耕作换取大量收益的一种简便易行、经济高效的新的耕作技术。
This study shows that drought and tillage can improve the quality of farming, improve soil physical and chemical properties of tillage, promote rice growth, increase production, reduce costs, increase productivity and facilitate mechanization. “Rotation on behalf of the” dry and tillage to three-year cycle, the implementation of “two revolutions” is appropriate. “Rake to turn over” the dry and tillage, do not have to turn over, can be year after year “to rake generation turn.” Dry and tillage suitable for meadow-type paddy soil, alluvial paddy soil and other dry rice fields. Cold paddy paddy soil, peat paddy soil and other wet paddy fields should be less water plowing. No significant tillage in the first year did have significant seedling strong roots, prompting precocious, increase the yield of the effectiveness of continuous engage in two years also slightly increased production trends, the third year was caused by a substantial cut. Loose soil slurry of cold paddy soil, peat paddy soil can be no-till. Pu farming has exceeded the effective tillage, aggravate the decline of soil fertility, waste of labor, power, increase the cost of tillage. Therefore, we should reduce excess tillage and move toward a small amount of effective tillage. Multiple application of nitrogen fertilization methods, suitable for less tillage, no tillage, improve nitrogen utilization, increase rice production. In short, less tillage is not a simple reduction in farmland operations, nor is it going back to extensive operation. The essence of tillage is to substitute biological and physicochemical factors for the role of machinery. This shows that tillage farming is advanced to advanced stages and is a variety of agronomic And the comprehensive application of modern technical measures, with a small amount of soil farming in return for a large amount of benefits of a simple, cost-effective new farming techniques.