急性肺损伤(acute lung injury,ALI)是指由严重感染、创伤等不同病因所致的肺泡毛细血管内皮细胞、肺泡上皮细胞和肺间质的急性弥漫性损害,其本质是肺部多种炎性细胞如中性粒细胞(PMN)、肺泡巨噬细胞(alveolar macrophage,AM)等所介导的肺部炎性反应及失控的炎性反应所致的肺泡-毛细血管膜损伤。本文就PMN、AM、血管内皮细胞(endothelial cell,EC)及肺组织核转录因子(NF-кB)在ALI发生机制的研究进 Acute lung injury (ALI) refers to the acute diffuse damage of alveolar capillary endothelial cells, alveolar epithelial cells and pulmonary interstitium caused by various diseases such as severe infection and trauma. Alveolar-capillary membrane damage induced by inflammatory and inflammatory reactions in lungs mediated by PMN, alveolar macrophage (AM) and so on. In this paper, the mechanism of PMN, AM, endothelial cell (EC) and lung nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-кB)